432 COMPOSIT.E. Crcjns. 



small beads : leaves elongated, slender-petioled, ohlong-lauceolate in outline, laciniate-pin- 

 natifid, tapering to both ends, the apex usually into a lanceolate or linear tail like prolonga- 

 tion (of 2 or 3 indies in length) ; the lobes also mostly linear-lanceolate, rarely short: invo- 

 lucre narrow-cvlindraceous, a third to half inch long, rarely over 6-flo\vered, theintlorescence 

 smooth and glabrous : the few calyculate bractlets minute and often tomentulose : akenes 

 at maturity fusiform, considerably longer than tiie pappus, lightly striate-cos^tate, moderately 

 attenuate at summit. — Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 489 ; Torr. in Stansbury Rep. 392, t. viii. (akene 

 too rostrate) ; Eaton, Bot. King Exp. 204, hardly of Gray, Bot. Calif. — Dry ground, Mon- 

 tana and Wyoming to E. Oregon, southward to Utali and mountains of S. E. California; 

 first coll. l)y Nntlull. 

 C. intermedia. Ilaljit and foliage of the preceding, or less tall, more cinereous-jiuberulent, 

 usually with fewer heads : involucre half-incli or more long, cauescently puberulent ; its bracts 

 in age more carinate by thickened midrib, tlie calyculate ones less minute : akenes acutely 

 10-costate at maturity, oblong-fusiform, sliglitly attenuate upward, longer than or equalling 

 the pappus. — C. acuminatn, Gray, Bot. Calif. 1. c, partly. Rocky IMountains in Colorado 

 to the Sierra Nevada, California, and north to the interior of Washington Terr, and borders 

 of British Columbia. Ajjpears to pass both into preceding and following. 



Var. gracilis. A very slender form, with rhachis and apical j)rolougation as well as 

 lobes of the leaves attenuate-linear. — C. occidentulis, var. gracilis, Eaton, Bot. King Exp. 

 203, mainly. 



Var. pleurocarpa. Leaves runcinately dentate, or subpinnatifid, or some entire, not 

 prolonged at ape.x : akenes merely oblong, hardly narrowed upward, shorter than the pa])pus, 

 very salieutly lO-costate. — Mountains about headwaters of the Sacramento, N. C'alifornia, 

 Pringle, coll. 1881, taken as a well-marked species : but the coll. 1882, distributed as " C. pleu- 

 rocarpa, Gray," accords both as to leaves and akenes with C. intermedia. 



= = Principal bracts of involucre 9 to 24 and flowers 10 to 30: pappus exceedingly copious and 

 pluriserial, rather harsher. 



C. occidentalis, Nutt. Often hirsute as well as canescent, rather robust, a span to a foot 

 or so high, commonly leafy-stemmed and branching: leaves oblong-lanceolate or broader 

 in outline, variously laciniate-pinnatilid or incised, apex seldom much prolonged : heads few 

 or several, mo.stly on stout peduncles : involucre half to two-thirds inch high, oblong-cylin- 

 draceous to campanulate, canescent: akenes (4 or 5 lines long, longer than the pap])us) 

 usually with tapering summit and acute rilis. — Jour. Acad. Philad. vii. 29 ; Torr. & Gray, 

 Fl. 488; Gray, Bot. Calif, i. 43.5. Psilochenin occidentalis, Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. 1. c. 

 — Plains of Nebraska and Wyoming to Washington Terr., and south to the mountains of 

 Colorado and California. Varies widely, as into 



Var. COStata, Guay, Bot. Calif. 1. c. Low and stouter form, with broader heads, and 

 no hirsute pubescence : involucre oblong, of 10 to 14 bracts: akenes thicker, oblong, some- 

 times hardly at all narrowed at summit and more saliently costate. — Utah, on Stausbury 

 Island, Wdfsoii. 



Var. Nevadensis, Kellogg. Stout, a span or two high, hirsute as well as canes- 

 cent, or canescent only : leaves broad, disposed to be laciniately bipinnatifid : heads solitary 

 or few, on stout ])eduncles : involucre campanulate; its principal bracts 16 to 20: akenes 

 gradually narrowed to summit. — C. occide)italis,\a,T. Neradensis & var. suhacaulls, Kellogg, 

 Proc. Calif. Acad. v. 50. Var. costnta in part, & var. Nevadensis, Gray, Bot. Calif. 1. c. — 

 High Sierra Nevada, California, Kellorf//, Lemmon, &c. 



Var. crinita, Gray, Bot. Calif. 1. c. Stout, a span to a foot high, barbately and 

 above somewhat viscidly hirsute even to the involucre ; this from broadly campanulate to 

 oblong, 20-30-flowered : akenes (as far as seen) oblong, strongly costate, obscurely narrowed 

 at summit. — Sierra Nevada from Sierra Co., Lemmon, Mrs. Ames, to Siskiyou Co., Greene. 

 Also collected by the Wilkes Expedition, in Washington Territory, or perhaps rather N. 

 California. 



228. PRENANTHES, Yaill. (npryvr;?, drooping, ai% ■blossom.) — 

 Perennial herbs, the original a European species, with loosely paniculate heads, 

 few-nerved akenes, and soft bright white pappus. But the American species all 

 belong to the following well-marked subgenus, 



