Troximon. COMPOSITiE. 437 



flowers. — Nutt. in Fras. Cat. & Gen. ii. 127; Benth. & Hook. Gen. ii. 522; 

 Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. ix. 215, Bot. Calif, i. 437, & Proc. Am. Acad. xix. 71. 

 Troximon & Macrorhynchus (Less.), DC, Torr. & Gray, Fl. ii. 489, 491. 



§ 1. EuTROXiMON. Akenes more or less linear, beakless, or ta^iering gradually 

 into a short and thickish beak, on which the nerves or ribs of the body are jjro- 

 longed to the apex : pappus rigidulous : perennial from a strong caudex. 



* No beak to the akene, its moderately short contracted summit of the same texture as the bodv 

 and equally 10-costate: iiivolucral bracts somewiiat equal, all tapering to a slender acumination, 

 the outer from an oblong or ovate-lanceolate base, glabrous: corolla yellow : i-oot perennial. 



T. alpestre, Gray. Dwarf from an elongated rootstock or caudex, glabrous : leaves diverse 

 (2 or 3 inches long), narrowly spatulate or lanceolate and pinnately lobed or incised, or 

 parted into narrow linear divisions : scape 2 or 3 inches iiigh, weak : involucre canipanulate, 

 7 or 8 lines high ; the bracts in about 2 series : akenes 2^ lines long, equalled by the slender 

 uniform pappus-bristles. — Proc. Am. Acad. xix. 70, 71. — On Mount Paddo, Washington 

 Terr., Suksdorf, 1880. Summit of Cascade Mountains, Oregon, L. F. Henderson. 



T. CUSpidatum, Pursh. Glaucescent, tomentulose when young, a span or two or the 

 scape at length a foot high from a thickened caudex : leaves entire, elongated linear-lanceolate 

 and upwardly linear-attenuate, thickish, often nervose, mostly tomentulose-ciliate (2 to 5 

 lines wide) : involucre about inch high; its bracts in 2 or 3 series : akenes 3 or 4 lines long- 

 when mature, rather shorter than the UTiequal rigidulous papj)us. — Fl. ii. 472 ; Torr. & Gray, 

 1. c. ; Gray, Man. 277, & Proc. Am. Acad. ix. 215. T. munjinatum, Nutt. 1. c. — Prairies of 

 W. Illinois and Wisconsin to Dakota; first coll. by Niittall and Bradbury. Stronger pap- 

 pus-bristles gradually and slightly widened toward the base. 



* * Akenes with apex tapering gradually into a rather stout and nerved beak which is shorter 

 than tl\e body. — § Nollwtroximon, Gray, Bot. Calif. 1. c, partly. 



T. barbellulatum, Greene in herb. Slender, not glaucous : leaves linear-lanceolate, 

 laciniate-pini:at fid into a few short and narrow lobes, or some entire : involucre narrow, 

 over half-inch high, rather few-flowered ; its 10 to 12 bracts nearly equal, lanceolate, acumi- 

 nate, glabrous : flowers yellow : akenes with the beak (of fully half the length of the fusi- 

 form body) 3 lines long, about the length of the soft distinctly barbellulate paj)pus. — Castle 

 Lake, near Mount Shasta, California, C. H. Dwinelle, from Greene. 

 T. glaucum, Nutt. Usually a foot or two high, rather stout, pale or glaucous, either 

 glabrous or with loose pubescence : leaves linear to lanceolate, from entire to sparingly 

 dentate or sometimes laciniate, 4 to 12 inches long: involucre commonly au inch high and 

 many-flowered; its bracts lanceolate or broader; outer series shorter, often pubescent, or 

 even villous : akenes with the beak .5 or 6 lines long, longer than the pappus, the copious and 

 rather rigid bristles of which are (as in most species) only denticulate-scabrous. — Nutt. in 

 Fras. Cat. & Gen. ii. 128 ; Pursh, 1. c. ; Sims, Bot. Mag. t. 1667 ; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. Macro- 

 rhynchus (jlaucus, Eaton, Bot. King Exp. 204. — Grassy plains, Saskatchewan and Dakota to 

 Brit. Columbia, and mountains of Utah and Colorado; first coll. hy Nutt(dl and Bradbury. 



Var. parviflorum. A small and slender form : leaves only 2 to 6 inches long : scape 

 a span to a foot high ; head smaller and narrower. — T. parrijiorum, Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. 

 Soc. vii. 434. Macrorhynchus cynthioides, Hook Loud. Jour. Bot. vi. 256 ? — Plains of Ne- 

 braska and Wj-oming to the mountains of New Mexico. 



Var. laciniatum, Gray, Bot. Calif. 1. c. Dwarf (a span or two high), with the 

 small heads of the preceding variety, varying to larger, glabrous or glabrate, when young 

 often cinereous-pubescent throughout : rays sometimes purplish externally or in fading : 

 leaves mostly of lanceolate outline and laciniate-piunatifid. — JNIountains of Colorado and 

 New Mexico to the higher Sierra Nevada, California. Larger forms pass into the next. 



Var. dasycephalum, Torr. & Gray. Commonly robust, with large aiul broad 

 heads; the involucre inch broad as well as high, and from villous to cinereous-pubescent, 

 sometimes early glabrate : receptacle not rarely bearing a few chaffy bracts among the flow- 

 ers : leaves from elongated-lanceolate to oblong-spatulate (the broadest even inch and a 

 half wide), from entire to laciniate or rarely pinnatifld : scape from a span to 2 feet high. — 

 — Ammogeton scorzonenefolium, Schrad. Ind. Sera. Hort. Goett. 1833; DC. Prodr. vii. 98. 

 Troximon glaucum, Richards. App. Frankl. Jour. ; Hook. Bot. Mag. 3462. T.puinilum, Nutt. 



