250 SOUTH AFRICAN FLOWERING PLANTS. 



The male catkins have many stamens ; the filament 

 is short, extending into a sub-peltate, scale-like 

 connective bearing two anther cells. The female has 

 four ovuliferous scales ; there are from five to ten 

 ovules at the base of each scale. 



The fruit is a globose cone, or galhulus, four-valved, 

 the valves being woody. The seeds are winged. The 

 wood of both the " Cedar " and Yellow-wood is useful, 

 forming timber for shipbuilding and houses, etc. 



The name " Cedar " is, of course, incorrect". The 

 true cedars belong to the genus Cedrus, of which there 

 are three species — the cedar of Lebanon, one on the 

 Atlas Mountains of North Africa, and one called the 

 " Deodar " on the Himalayas. 



Cycadacege. 



The Kaffik-bread Family. 



This order has 75 species of 9 genera in 2 tribes, in 

 Asia, Africa, Australia, and America. 



Two genera occur in South Africa. They have 

 short trunks, unbranched, and carrying a crown of 

 foliage at the top, not unlike a tree-fern. 



The flowers are unisexual. The male consists of 

 a cone-like structure composed of spirally arranged 

 autheriferous scales, thick and leathery in consistence. 



The female cone is terminal, and also composed of 



