1834] JOUENAL -IN THE NORTH. 25 



the water to South Shields and went to the Ballast Hills. Gathered 

 a few plants, particularly Melilotus leucantha, and found a number 

 of insects. We went along the coast as far as some very curious 

 rocks, many of them formed of a mass of strata, broken in every 

 manner, and then firmly cemented together again. I also saw the 

 well-known flexible limestone in plenty. We came back to Newcastle 



by steam-boat, having seen at Eryngium campestre in very 



great plenty, although not in flower. Wailes recommended a 

 saturated solution of oxalic acid to kill moths instantaneously, by 

 inserting a quill point into the insect after it has been dipped in it. 



Aug. 4. Breakfasted with Mr. Winch and determined my Bath 

 Euphorbia to be E. palustris. We walked into a small valley, Heaton 

 Dean, near the town, and Mr. Winch pointed out to me three or 

 four species of Rosa and Euhus. Dined with Mr. Wailes and saw 

 his cabinet of insects. 



Aitg. 6. Breakfasted with Mr. Winch. He gave me an original 

 specimen of Triticum cristatum, gathered by G. Don. At twelve 

 o'clock left Newcastle for Berwick-upon-Tweed, and reached that 

 place at nine p.m., passing through Morpeth and Alnwick. The 

 castle at the latter is given correctly in the vieAvs of it, and is a very 

 fine object from the north entrance into the town, that road passing 

 under its walls. On the south entrance is an old gateway, which 

 for convenience ought to come down, but which it would be a great 

 pity to destroy. The country alters sensibly as you go north, 

 having a much more dreary look near Berwick than near Newcastle, 

 although the land appears to be in a high state of cultivation. I 

 particularly noticed the great size of the fields, etc., and suppose that 

 the farms are extensive. Noticed a fine range of hills on the left at 

 about ten miles from Berwick. The boats employed in fishing for 

 herrings were so numerous a few miles from land as to form a dark 

 band of very great length parallel to the coast. 



Aug. 7. After breakfast called on Dr. G. Johnston (one of the 

 nicest men I have yet met with among the naturalists), found there 

 Mr. Brown, a botanist of the neighbourhood. Dr. Johnston having 

 to see some patients, Mr. Brown and I inspected his herbarium, and 

 then walked some distance up the Scotch side of the river, which is 

 very wide. The bridge is of great length, and increases in height 

 as you approach the town, so that the largest arch is that which is 

 nearest but one to the town. The castle, now nearly quite destroyed, 

 is at the upper corner of the town, near the river. The stones of it 

 were used in the time of Queen Anne to build the town fortifications. 

 One of the walls connecting it with the town is now used as a cart 

 road. The fortifications are mounds of earth faced with stone and 

 having a deep dry fosse on the outside. After dinner we went to 

 the seaside to look for Aepus fulvescens, found by Dr. Johnston. We 

 could not meet with it. He found it under stones covered by each 

 tide, and could have taken plenty. 



