CAPE CHESTNUT AND ORANGE FAMILY. 117 



scalloped disc with iive rounded lobes. Lastly, is the 

 syncarpous pistil of five carpels, forming a five-celled 

 capsule, when in fruit. 



Agathos'ma. — Of this genus there are some 100 

 species bearing fiowers clustered at the ends of branches. 

 Like the water-lily, this shows the connection between 

 petals and stamens, as the staminodes have anthers 

 replaced by an oval limb. The whole closely resembles 

 the long clawed petals. 



Dios'ma. — Eleven species are known ; the illustration 

 (Fig. 44) is that of D. longifo'lia (L), with small heath- 

 like leaves, as so many South African plants have 

 them. The petals in this genus are not clawed, nor 

 are there any staminodes as in Agathos'ma ; but the 

 anthers have the apical glands (11. ), and there is the 

 usual cup-shaped disc with its crenate or wavy 

 margin (IL). The fruit breaks up into its separate 

 carpels called cocci (HI.). (IV.) is a seed showing a 

 peculiar crest at the top. 



As the orange and lemon trees belong to this 

 family, I will here add one or two peculiar features of 

 these familiar fruits. The orange has a sweet juicy 

 flesh within the rind; but this is not really the inner 

 part of the pericarp, as the ripened fruit is called ; for 

 while in flower the ovary-cells of the orange are hollow, 

 but long and short hairs with swollen ends grow into 

 and fill up the hole, and the juice is contained in the 

 swollen ends. These fit together one with another, so 



