48 POPULAR FIELD BOTANY. 
stalk ; but if they are traced to the bottom they will be 
found to be joined, and to spring from one stem like the 
Cowslip. The leaves are toothed and wrinkled. Woods, ‘ 
hedges, and banks produce it in abundance. Ss 
PRIMULA VERIS. Common Cowslip. This is not so uni- 
versally found as the last ; it requires a clay sou, ands but 
rarely found in Scotland. Its flowers are small, and on~. © 
short foot-stalks springing from a main stem. The corolla 
not so completely salver-shaped as the Primrose. The leaves 
toothed, wrinkled, and contracted below the middle. 
PRIMULA ELATIOR. Ouv-lip Primrose. This species par- 
takes of the appearance of both the above plants. The — 
flowers are pale yellow, the centre deeper, corolla flat, and 
smaller than in the common Primrose, but growing in an 
umbel like the Cowslip. ‘Leaves wrinkled and contracted 
about the middle. It is not very common, and grows in 
woods and hedges,—is occasionally found,in March, but ~ 
flowering principally in April and May. 
PENTANDRIA. MONOGYNIA. 
THALAMIFLOR2. VIOLACES. 
VIOLA. (Vi0Let.) 
Generic Character. Calyx of five leaves. Petals five, unequal, 
the inner one spurred at the base. Stamens five. Pistil one. 
