194: POPULAR FIELD BOTANY. 
is easily scattered, as the seeds are carried far and wide, by 
its being caught in the hair of passing animals, and by 
other means. It has six or eight narrow leaves in a whorl, 
which are armed with bristles as much as the fruit. Flowers 
white, few together. The plant grows amongst bushes, its 
stems being very weak and requirmg support, and is 
abundant in hedges. 
TETRANDRIA. MOoONOGYNIA. 
COROLLIFLORZ. GALIACE. 
RUBIA. (Mapper.) 
Generic Character. This genus seems to differ from Galium, 
in the corolla being divided into three or five, instead of four. 
The fruit is a berry of two lobes. 
Rusia PEREGRINA. Wild Madder. The leaves of this 
plant are only four or six in a whorl, lanceolate, glossy, the 
edges and middle rib very rough, with prickles, which turn 
backwards. Flowers white. ‘The roots are used in dying 
red. Stony and sandy ground in the south-west of Eng- 
land produce the Wild Madder. Very plentiful in the 
hedges of the Isle of Wight. 
