42 Menisperviacece. [Limacta. 



Calumba root, and called 'false calumba' (see W. J. Hooker in Pharm. 

 Joum. Oct. 1852). A yellow dye is also obtained from it. 



The leaves of the young shoots are often deltoid-oblong, truncate and 

 peltate at the base. The yellow tomentum becomes dull white when dry 

 in the herbarium. 



4. TZZilACOXlA, Colebr. 



Woody climber ; fl. in panicles ; sep. 6, biseriate, inner 

 larger ; pet. 6, minute ; male fl. : — stam. 6, anth. adnate ; fem- 

 fl. : — carp. 3-12; seed strongly hooked, endosperm ruminate, 

 cotyledons linear. — A single species. 



T. racemosa, Colebr. m Trans. Limi. Soc. xiii. 67 (1821). 

 T. atspidiformis, Miers, 1. c. 78. T. aciitninata, Thw, Enum. 12. 

 C. P. 1056. 



Fl. B. Ind. i. 99. Miers, Contrib. iii. t. 104. 



A woody climber, young shoots glabrous ; 1. 4-5 in., ovate, 

 somewhat attenuate, acute, rounded at base, undulate, glabrous, 

 somewhat 3-veined, petiole |-i in., slender ; fl. \ in., stalked, 

 rather laxly arranged in elongated axillary panicles shorter 

 or longer than leaves, ped. with 2 small bractlcts at base ; 

 sep. erect, inner row much the longer, lanceolate, acute ; pet. 

 spathulate, obtuse ; fem. fl. : — style short, subulate ; ripe carp. 

 I-IO, ovoid, J in., on short stalks, smooth, endocarp wrinkled, 

 seed bent double. 



T Dry country ; rather common. Dambulla ; Kantalai ; Batticaloa. Fl. 

 Jan., Feb.; yellow. Fruit red or yellow. 



Throughout the Indian and Malay Peninsulas, Java. 



Miers gives another species for Ceylon, T.fratema7ia, distinguished 

 by its hermaphrodite ilowers. It is based on specimens in the British 

 Museum collected in 1785 by the Danish missionaries, and labelled 

 ' Kaddukoddi Smilax zeylanica, Pseudochina.' 



5. XiIBIACZA, Lour. 



Slender woody climbers ; fl. in small panicles ; sep. 6, in 

 2 rows, inner much larger ; pet. 6, short ; male fl. : — stam. 6, 

 anth. adnate ; fem. fl.: — carp. 3; ripe carp. 1-3; seed curved 

 into a circle, endosperm not ruminate, cotyledons elongate, 

 linear. — Sp. 4; all in Fl. B. hid. 



Zi. cuspidata, ///•./ and Th. Fl. Ind. 189 (1855). Niri-wel, JT. 



[Plate IV.] 



Hypscrpa cuspidata, Miers, 1. c. 102. Thw. Enum. 12. C. P. 105 1. 

 Y\. B. Ind. i. 100. Miers, Contrib. iii. t. 108 {Hypseipa). 



A small twining shrub, branches slender, striate, pubescent; 

 1. small, 1^-3 in., ovate-lanceolate, acute, cuspidate, often 



