XVI. CARYOPHYLLES. 21 
celled; styles 2-5, spreading, or more or less combined, 
stigmatose on the upper surface ; ovules 2 or many, on cords 
rising from the bottom of the ovarian cavity, free or united in 
a central column. Capsules membranous or crustaceous, 
opening by apical teeth or splitting into valves, rarely sub- 
indehiscent or opening transversely. Seeds reniform, subcom- 
ressed ; embryo curved round the albumen or excentric.— 
Herbs or half-shrubby plants; branchés mostly swollen at the 
nodes. Leaves opposite, quite entire, exstipulate or with mem- 
branous stipules. Flowers in cymes panicles or clusters. 
Tribe 1. Srnenzm. Calyx tubular, 4-5-toothed. Petals and stamens 
hypogynous, borne, with the ovary, on a stipe-like “ gynophore,” rarely 
sessile. Petals clawed. Styles separate to the base. Stipules 0. (Gen. 
1-3.) 
Styles 2. Calyx bracteate at base . . . . ... . 1, Dranraus. 
Styles 3. Calyx nude at base, 5-toothed . . . . . 2. SILENE. 
Styles 5. Calyx nude at base, with leafy lobes . . . 8. AGROSTEMMA. 
Tribe 2. AtsinEm. Sepals 4-5, separate to the base, or nearly so. 
Petals and stamens hypogynous. Petals not clawed. Styles separate to 
the base. Stipules 0 or membranous. (Gen. 4—7.) 
Stipules none; petals 2-fid. 
Styles 3 4, STELLARTA. 
Styles 4-5 a Glatt hs fl <a 5. CERASTIUM, 
Stipules membranous; petals entire. 
Styles 6. (Petals white.) . ..... =... . 6. SpPERGuLA. 
Styles 3. (Petals pink or purple.) . . . . . . 7. SPERGULARIA. 
Tribe 3. PotycaRPE®. Calyx as in Alsinee; also the petals, but com- 
monly much smaller or obsolete. Style simple at base, 3-fid or rarely 2-fid 
above. Stamens 5 or fewer. Stipules membranous. (Gen. 8-10.) 
Petals deeply 2-fidor4-fid. . ...... . 8. DRymarta. 
Petals entire. 
Sepals membranous, not keeled . . ... . 9. POLYCARPHA. 
Sepals membranous-edged, sharply keeled . . . . 10. Potycarpon. 
TrisE 1. Srnenem. (Gen. 1-3.) 
1. DIANTHUS, Linn. 
Calyx tubular, 5-toothed, with 2 or more close-lying bracts 
at base. Petals 5, with long claws, often toothed or lacerate. 
Stamens 10. Styles 2, filiform. Capsules cylindrical or ob- 
long, opening by 4 teeth — FU. Cap. 1. p. 122. 
Herbs or small half-shrubs. Leaves generally grass-like. Flowers ter- 
minal, solitary or in cymes or panicles.—The garden Pink and Carnation 
belong to this genus. 9 reputed South African species, several of them 
depending on very slight characters, are dispersed through the colony. 
2. SILENE, Linn. 
Calyx tubular, 5-toothed, ebracteate at base. Petals 5, on 
