XXIX. RUTACEA. 45 
£. serrulatum, Ait., is a 2-3 feet high shrub, with close-set, lanceolate, 1-2 
inches long, gland-serrate leaves. Male and female flowers on different 
branches, axillary. It is found as far east as Uitenhage, at least. 
11. EMPLEURIDIUM, Sond. 
Flowers dicecious. Calyx 4-parted, persistent; the sepals 
acute, imbricate. Petals 4, deciduous, sessile, ovate-rotund, 
inserted under the edges of a fleshy, 4-lobed disk.—Male : 
Stamens 4, on the margin of the disk; filaments subulate, 
short ; anthers didymous, glandless. An abortive ovary.— 
Female: Ovary (not seen). Capsules oblong, follicular, open- 
ing at the side, and tipped with a short, persistent style ; seed 
solitary. — Fl. Cap. 1. p. 442; Thes. Cap. t. 77. 
E. juniperinum, S. and H., is a small undershrub, found by Ecklon, near 
Caledon. It is not gland-dotted in any part. Leaves scattered, acicular, 
6-12 lines long, } line wide, scabrous on the margin and keel. Flowers 
axillary, very minute. 
TRIBE 2. ZANTHOXYLER. 
12. ZANTHOXYLON, Linn. 
Flowers polygamous. Calyx 4-(8-5-)parted, small. Petals 
hypogynous, as many as the calyx lobes, imbricate—Male : 
Stamens as many as petals, alternating with them ; filaments 
free, subulate. A rudimentary ovary.—Female: Stamens 
0 or abortive. Carpels 1-5 on a fleshy disk, separate or sub- 
coherent ; ovules 2 in each carpel; styles terminal, cylindri- 
cal, short or long; stigma capitate. Capsules leathery, 1-5, 
sessile or stipitate, 2-valved, 1-2-seeded; seeds black and 
shinng.—FJ. Cap. i. p. 445. 
Trees and shrubs of both hemispheres, armed with very large and strong 
thorns on the branches and stem, and often with prickles on the petioles 
and leaves. Leaves in our species abruptly pinnate, dotted. Flowers 
small, panicled.—3 Cape species, all Eastern. 1 
TRIBE 3. TODDALIER. 
13. TODDALIA, Juss. 
Flowers polygamous. Calyx short, 2-5-toothed, lobed or 
parted. Petals 2-5, imbricate or valvate. Torus inconspicu- 
ous or slightly elongate——Male: Stamens 2, 4, 5 (or 8, those 
opposite the petals abortive), inserted at the base of the torus ; 
filaments subulate; anthers oblong. A rudimentary, simple, 
or 4-lobed ovary.—Female: Ovary ovoid, oblong or globose, 
sessile or substipitate, 2—7-celled, very rarely 1-celled ; style 
short or 0; ovules 2. Fruit leathery or fleshy, dotted, sub- 
globose, 2—7-celled.— FI. Cap. i. p. 446. Also Vepris, Comm., 
Fl. Cap. i. p. 447. 
