CI. AMARANTACER. 319 
Herbs or undershrubs, of warm countries. Leaves opposite, rarely tufted. 
Flowers in terminal spikes or heads, at length subreflexed.—3 Cape species. 
10. PUPALIA, Juss. 
Flowers bisexual, 3-bracted, ternate; the medial fertile, 
lateral changed into hooked bristles or sharp spines. Calyx 
5-parted ; segments subequal, erect, pilose. Stamens 5, united 
in a very short cup; filaments subulate; staminodia 0; an- 
thers 2-celled. Ovary 1l-ovuled; style filiform; stigma capi- 
tate. Fruit as in Cyathula.—DC. Prod. xiii. pt. 2. p. 331. 
Undershrubs, of warm countries. Branches and leaves opposite, rarely 
alternate or fascicled. Flowers glomerate, erect, at length spreading, forlm- 
ing interrupted spikes.—3 or 4 South African species. 
TRIBE 3. GOMPHRENE®. (Gen. 11-12.) 
ll. ALTERNANTHERA, Forsk. 
Flowers bisexual, rarely polygamo-dicecious, 3-bracted. 
Calyx 5-parted ; segments equal or unequal, erect, elabrous 
or villous. Stamens 5, united in a cup at base; filaments fili- 
form; staminodia very minute, tooth-like, entire; anthers 1- 
celled. Ovary 1-ovuled; style short; stigma capitate or 2- 
lobed. Fruit valveless, 1-seeded, more or less enclosed in the 
calyx.— DC. Prod. xiii. pt. 2. p. 350. 
Much-branched herbs, of warm countries, mostly villous. Leaves oppo- 
site. Flowers in terminal or axillary heads.—1 or 2 species at the Cape. 
12. THELANTHERA, R. Br. 
Flowers bisexual, 3-bracted. Calyx 5-parted; segments 
equal or unequal, erect, glabrous or villous. Stamens 5, 
united in a tube below; filaments filiform; staminodia elon- 
gate, tongue-shaped, toothed at the apex; anthers 1-celled. 
Ovary l-ovuled; style short; stigma capitate. Fruit valve- 
less, 1-seeded, enclosed in the calyx.—DC. Prod. xiii. p. 362. 
Herbs or undershrubs, chiefly American and tropical. Leaves opposite. 
Flowers in terminal or axillary heads.— 7. maritima, a common plant of 
West Tropical Africa, is stated by Sparmann to be South African also. 
Orver CII. PARONYCHIES. 
Flowers usually hermaphrodite. Perianth of 4-5 seg- 
ments, imbricate, free or connate at the base. Petals 5 in 
Corrigiola. Stamens usually as many as the perianth-seg- 
ments, sometimes with alternating staminodia, hypogynous or 
perigynous; filaments free or connate at the base ; anthers 
usually short. Ovary sessile, free, ovoid or 3-gonous, 1-celled ; 
