428 CXLII. GRAMINE. 
Analysis of Tribes and Subtribes. 
Tribe 1. Paniceze, &. Br.—Spikelets articulated closely below the 
lowest glume, 2- very rarely 3-flowered. Upper glume always containing 
the most perfect and only fertile flower. Axis of spikelet never, Bluffia 
excepted, produced beyond the flowering glume. Scales never more than 
2.—(In subtribe Mayadee the spikelets are moneecious and the sexes dis- 
similar, and occupy different parts of the panicle.) 
Subtribe 1. Evpanice®. Flowering glume never awned with a twisted 
awn, occasionally mucronate, never bearded at the base. Empty and 
flowering glumes frequently similar in consistence. Flowering glume and 
palea generally hardening in fruit and always enclosing the grain, which is 
shorter than the palea. Palea of fertile flower never deficient. 
Subtribe 2. TristecinE®. Flowering glume (in Cape species) bearded 
at base and awned with a twisted awn. In other respects as in Hupanicee. 
—Panicle generally loose. 
Subtribe 8. AnDRoPOGINE®. Flowering glume very often awned with 
a twisted awn, and palea never hardening in fruit, often extremely thin 
and always thinner than the barren glumes. Grain often longer than the 
palea, which is occasionally absent.—Spikelets generally placed 2 together, 
often very dissimilar, not inserted in hollows of the rachis. 
Subtribe 4. Mayaprm. Spikelets moncecious, occupying different parts 
of the panicle. Males very numerous. Females few, generally concealed 
in a somewhat bony (hardened) involucre. 
Tribe 2. Phalaridez, Munro.—Spikelets articulated sometimes as in 
Panicee, and sometimes at the base of the pedicels, near the main axis, 3- 
or apparently 1-flowered. Outer empty glumes laterally compressed, often 
united at base, longer than the rest. Flowering glume terminal, generally 
hairy, with 2 rudimentary glumes below it. Otherwise as in Panicee.— 
(Intermediate between Panicee and Poacee.) 
Tribe 3. Poacez, R. Br.—Spikelets always (except in Fingerhuthia) 
articulated above the lowest glume, 1- or many-flowered.—Lowest flower, 
with very few exceptions, perfect; terminal flower never (except in two 
genera of Bambusee) more perfect than those below it. Axis of the spike- 
let almost invariably terminated by an imperfect glume, which is frequently 
reduced to a small point or bristle. Scales 3 in Stipacee and Bambusee, 
2 in all other subtribes. Stamens 1-3, rarely 6. Fruit always shorter than 
the flowering glume. 
Subtribe 1. AGrostrpEm. Spikelets with one flowering glume and an 
occasional rudiment of a second. ‘The callus, inside the empty glumes, 
generally rounded and often bearded. Flowering glume thin. Awn, if 
present, dorsal, slender, and not twisted. 
Subtribe 2. Srrpacr”. Spikelets always 1-flowered. Callus generally 
sharp-pointed. Flowering glume thickened and (except in Lasiagrostis) 
closely enveloping the palea. Awn always present, terminal, simple or 
3-cleft, frequently twisted. Scales 2-3. 
Subtribe 3. OryzeEmx. Spikelets 1-3-flowered, laterally compressed, only 
1 flower perfect. Lowest glumes generally rudimentary, often almost 
obsolete. Flowering glume occasionally awned with a terminal awn, which 
is never twisted. Scales 1-2. Stamens (in the Cape species) 6. 
