CXLII. GRAMINER. 437 
bulate-acuminate, the lower smaller 3-nerved, the upper 5- 
nerved. Lower flower male; its flowering glume like the 
upper outer glume, subulate-acuminate; its palea 2-parted, 
membranous, shorter, the segments acuminate, eared in front 
and clasping the stamens. Upper flower hermaphrodite, the 
flowering glume and palea subequal, taper-pointed ; the former 
convex, with an awn-like point; the latter dorsally concave, 
mucronate, eared on each side at base, the ears clasping the 
flowers.—WVees, 1. c. p. 61. 
B. Eckloniana, Nees, is a handsome grass, common to the east of Uiten- 
hage. : 
6. SETARIA, Beauv. 
Spikelets generally swollen on one side, in dense spiked 
panicles, or apparently cylindrical spikes, 2-flowered, awnless, 
with a-persistent involucre (abortive branchlets), composed of 
simple scabrous bristles, principally placed on one side. Outer 
glumes 2, the lowest very short. Lower flowers male or 
neuter; upper flowers hermaphrodite; the flowering glumes 
often mucronate, generally wrinkled on the back, and often 
marked on each side with a curious horseshoe-shaped impres- 
sion ; otherwise as in Panicwm.—Panicum, Nees, l.c. p. 52-56 ; 
Kunth, Enun. p. 149. 
A widely-distributed genus, affording good fodder grasses.—8 species at 
the Cape. 
7. PENICILLARIA, Willd. 
Spikelets 2-flowered, in a spike-like raceme, each 1-2 spike- 
lets with an involucre of 2 sorts of bristles; the outer bristles 
short, scabrid ; the inner longer, mostly plumose towards the 
base. Outer glumes 2, very short, membranous, nearly nerve- 
less. Lower flower either neuter and 1-valve or male 2-valved ; 
its flowering glume entire or emarginate. Upper flower 
hermaphrodite, rarely female ; the flowering glume and palea 
convolute, papery, either entire, truncate or 2-fid, hardening 
in fruit. Anthers bearded at the apex. Grain enclosed in the 
flowering glume and palea.— ees, l.c. p. 71. 
Usually tall grasses, affording a millet in several species,—P. Plukeneti 
is in Drége’s collections, and P. spicata in Burchell’s. 
8. TRICHOLANA, Schrad. 
Spikelets in diffuse panicles, 2-flowered. Outer glumes 2, 
membranous, softly silky, the lower very small or reduced to 
a silky rmg; upper as long as the lower flowering glume, 
mucronate or setigerous below the 2-fid apex. Lower flower 
male or neuter, its flowering glume very like the upper outer 
