Vemonia.'] CoiflpOsitcE. g 



8. *V. anthelmintioa, Willd. Sp. PL iii. 1634 (1800). Sanni- 

 nayan, S. Kadduchchirakam, T. 



Herm. Mus. 66. Burm. Thes. 210. Fl. Zeyl. n. 418. Moon Cat. 57. 

 Thw. Enum. 160. C. P. 487. 



Fl. B. Ind. iii. 236. Burm. Thes. t. 95. 



A stout annual, stem about 2 ft., much branched above, 

 cylindrical, striate, finely glandular-pubescent; 1. 4-5 in., oval 

 or lanceolate, very much tapering to base, acute, coarsely and 

 sharply serrate, sparsely glandular-pilose on both sides, thin ; 

 heads large, solitary, on rather long peduncles thickened 

 upwards, inv. -bracts oblong-linear, acute, the outer pilose, as 

 long as the inner, filiform, spreading, all ultimately reflexed 

 after fruiting, receptacle nodular, fl. numerous; cor.-tube very 

 long and slender; achene lo-ribbed, slightly hairy, black, 

 pappus short, not twice as long as achene, pale red, sub- 

 deciduous, the outer row very short, scale-like, persistent. 



Waste ground about houses and by roadsides ; common, especially in 

 the dry region, but nowhere indigenous. Fl. Dec.-Feb.; pale violet. 



Also in India and the Malay Peninsula. 



This is much grown and used as a vermifuge medicine, and has thus 

 become naturalised. Hermann mentions this use. 



9. V. nemoralis, T/itu. Enum. 161 (iJ 

 Clarke, Comp. Ind. 11. C. P. 216. 



Fl. B. Ind. iii. 237. 



Tall herbaceous perennial, stem slender, slightly branched, 

 nearly glabrous ; 1. 3-4 in., narrowly ovate-lanceolate, acute at 

 base, much acuminate, acute, coarsely and sharply serrate, 

 glabrous, pale and minutely punctate beneath, petiole \-\ in.; 

 heads rather large, on long peduncles, involucre oblong, bracts 

 much imbricate, finely floccose, the inner ones oblong, obtuse, 

 apiculate, the outer ones short, acute, receptacle deeply 

 pitted, fl. numerous; achene faintly ribbed, with silky hairs, 

 pappus yellowish-white, outer row very short. 



In shady places by streams in the moist region at 1000-4000 ft.; 

 rather rare. Singhe-raja Forest ; below Horton Plains ; Morowak 

 Korale. Fl. Feb.-May; dark violet. 



Endemic. 



The plant from Morowak Korale has linear 1., and narrower more 

 acute bracts to the involucre. 



10. V. Wig-btiana, Am. Pug. 27 (1836). 



Thw. Enum. 160 (excl. var. j8). Clarke, Comp. Ind. 19. C. P. 1741. 

 Fl. B. Ind. iii. 238. 



A low undershrub, usually about 2-3 ft, branches stout, 

 cylindrical, densely clothed with fine orange or whitish velvety 

 tomentum; 1. variable, 2-4 in., oval-oblong, usually acute at 



