ScrophtilariacecB, 239 



base of cal., fleshy, green, covered with numerous, scattered, 

 short, straight, sharp prickles ; seeds very numerous, closely 

 packed, nearly smooth, pale brown. 



Waste and cultivated ground; a common weed. Fl. Jan.-March; 

 white or (rarely) purple. 



Tropics generally. 



Linnaeus referred the Indian and Ceylon plant to his D. Metel^ but 

 the two species are scarcely separable. The leaves have a peculiar 

 smoky odour when bruised. The leaves and seeds are included as 

 official drugs in the Indian Pharmacopoeia; they are sedative and 

 narcotic, and the latter are often used as poison. 



D. Stramofiium^ L., the Thorn Apple, is occasionally found as a road- 

 side weed about villages in the montane zone. 



D. suaveolens, H. & B. {Brugmansia stiaveolens, G. Don.), the well- 

 known and beautiful ' Trumpet-flower ' of the English, Rata-aliana, S., is 

 very commonly planted as a hedge about cottages, coolie lines and native 

 gardens. It is a native of Mexico. 



XCIL— SCROPHULARIACEyE. 



Annual or perennial herbs (rarely root parasites), 1. usually 

 opp., sometimes alt. or whorled, no stip. ; fl. bisexual, usually 

 irregular, in racemes or spikes ; cal. free, sep. 5, rarely 4, 

 connate or distinct (very rarely spathaceous) ; cor. 5- or 

 4-lobed, usually 2-lipped, lobes imbricate ; stam. 4, didyna- 

 mous (2 sometimes rudimentary staminodes) or 2, anth.-cells 

 distinct (rarely confluent or one barren) ; ov. superior, 

 2-celled, ovules numerous in each cell, style simple, stigma 

 usually 2-lobed or 2-bladed ; fruit a 2-valved capsule ; seeds 

 small, numerous with fleshy endosperm. 



Of our 40 species, the majority are common annual weeds growing in 

 the mud or in the water of the paddy fields of the low country. Confined 

 to the wet region are the species of Adenosma, Centranihera, and Micro- 

 carpcea; to the dry region, Striga orobanchoides and Peplidiuni. Only 6 

 species extend into the montane zone, but Torenia hirtella, Sopiibia 

 trifida, and Pedicularis are restricted to it. Adenostna camphorahim is 

 endemic. 



I'wo upper lobes of cor. outside in bud. 

 Stam. 4, not didynamous ; \. zXx. {Verbascea:) . i. Celsia. 

 Stam. 4, didynamous or 2 ; 1. opp. or whorled 

 {Antirrhinea). 

 Stam. 4, 

 Sep. combined into a tubular cal. . . 7. Toreni.\. 



