292 AcanthaceCE. {HygrophHa. 



Stems stout, ascending or prostrate, often rooting at the 

 nodes and much branched from the base, pubescent ; 1. 

 numerous, sessile or obscurely petioled, h-2 in., oblong- 

 lanceolate, tapering to both ends, serrate, the lower ones often 

 deeply pinnately lacerate, usually pubescent on both sides ; 

 fl. sessile, 1-3 in axils, forming dense whorls, bracts and 

 bractlets lanceolate, acute, finely pubescent ; sep. rather longer 

 than bracts, linear, acute, glandular-pubescent ; cor. pubescent 

 outside, tube exserted, narrow and cylindrical below, widely 

 dilated above, lower lip 3-toothed or nearly entire, hairy 

 within ; stam. 4 ; capsule about \ in., linear, pubescent ; 

 seeds minute. 



Paddy fields, borders of tanks and damp sandy ground in the dry and 

 intermediate regions; common. Fl. March and July, August; pale 

 pinkish-violet. 



Also in S. India. 



I do not think this is really distinct from C. balsatnica. It is sometimes 

 viscid, and in dry places is often dwarf and congested. Has much the 

 look of a Scrophulariaceous plant. 



4. C. Thwaitesii, Benth. in Gen. PL ii. 1075 (1876). 

 Adenosma Thwaitesii^ T. And. in Thw. Enum. 224. C. P. 1994. 

 Fl. B. Ind. iv. 405. 



Stem 4-12 in., erect, much pyramidally branched, viscid- 

 pubescent ; 1. numerous, on main stem i-i^ in., on branches 

 ^-f in., oval or lanceolate, somewhat spathulate, tapering to 

 very short petiole, obtuse or subacute, pubescent on both 

 sides, paler beneath ; fl. small, numerous, nearly sessile, soli- 

 tary, distant, in the forks of a lax, much branched, leafy, 

 paniculate dichotomous cyme, floral bracts and bractlets 

 absent ; sep. \ in., narrowly linear, pubescent, one usually 

 longer ; cor. very small ; stam. 2 ; capsule \ in., glabrous ; 

 seeds numerous, retinacula very short. 



Dry region; rare. Batticaloa District, abundant (Thwaites) ; Kara- 

 munai (Gardner). Fl. March. 



Endemic. 



Forms a very distinct sub-genus, Plcrsianthcra, Clarke, which ought 

 rather to be considered distinct from Carda7ithera. 



5. KVGROPHZZiA, Br. 



Herbs, 1. opp. or whorled in threes and these with spines 

 in the axils, fl. rather large, sessile or nearly so, in few- 

 flowered axillary whorls, bracts and bractlets usually oval or 

 lanceolate ; sep. 4 or 5, often more or less combined into 

 tubular cal. ; cor.-tubc funnel-shaped above, limb deeply 



