364 Labiates. 



pletely filling fruit, cotyledons cordate or auriculate at base 

 finely dotted all over, purplish. 



In shallow salt water or sandy tidal flats on the coast ; common. Fl. 

 Aug.-October ; pale dull yellow. 



Throughout Tropical Asia, Africa, and America. 



There is no specimen or drawing in Herm. Herb. This is one of the 

 trees known as mangroves, and is often called 'White Mangrove.' The 

 large embryo usually germinates in the fruit before it falls, but the tree 

 has no stilts. It often occurs over large tracts of tidal or flooded shore 

 to the e.xclusion of all other plants, as dwarf bushes half covered at high 

 water. Its roots bear great numbers of erect processes (like those of 

 Sonnerafiii), the points of which stand above the shallow water; these 

 are capable of producing leaves and growing up into bushes, but rarely 

 do so- They are figured in Schimper's ' Indo-Malay Strandflora' (i8gi), 

 t. 6. When dry, the leaves turn black above and silvery-white beneath. 

 The bark is astringent, and might be used for tanning purposes. 



C— LABIAT.^. 



Herbs or undershrubs, stems usually quadrangular, 1. opp. 



(rarely vvhorled) without stip., fl. bisexual, irregular, solitary 



or usually in opp. axillary fascicles or cymes forming whorls; 



cal. persistent, 2-lipped, or with 5 or 8 or 10 segm. ; cor. 



tubular, more or less 2-lipped (rarely nearly regular), lobes 4 



or 5, imbricate ; stam. 4, didynamous, inserted in cor.-tube, 



anth. 2-celled with the cells often confluent or i -celled; disk 



conspicuous ; ov. superior, of two 2-celled carp., with a single 



erect ovule in each cell, .style long, simple, stigma usually 



bifid; fruit of 4 small dry i -seeded achenes in the base of the 



persistent cal., endosperm scanty or none. 



Our 42 species of this very large Family (which is especially 

 characteristic of dry, warm-temperate countries) are pretty equally 

 divided between our three climatic regions, but are particularly noticeable 

 in the hills, to which are restricted 6 (all) species of Plcctranthus^ 3 of 

 Pogvsioiio?!, 2 of Scutellaria^ and i each of Gctiiosporum^ Coleus, Cala- 

 iin?it/ia, and Teitcriiiin — in all 15. Orihosip/iofi, Dysophylla (2), and 

 Lconotis, and single species of Odinuiit^ Am'soc/ii/us, Coleiis, .Inisomeles^ 

 and Leucas—() in all — are met with only in the dry region. There are 10 

 endemic species, mostly montane. 



Cor. more or less 2-lipped (nearly regular in 9 and 10). 

 Upper cal. -segm. broader, forming an upper lip 



(sometimes equal to rest in 5 and 6) (Jjcimoidece). 

 Lower lip of cor. flat. 

 Stam. exserted. 



Whorl« 6-flowered i. OciMUM. 



Whorls many-flowered . . . .2. (iKN'lOSPORUM. 



