Tyfiha.'] Aracecs. 343 



stigma, I -celled, ovule pendulous from the top of the cell ; 

 fr, minute, embryo cylindric in floury endosperm, radicular 

 end thickened, plumule in a lateral slit. 



TVPKA, Linn. 

 For characters, see Order. — Species, reputed, about lo; 4 

 in Fl. B. Ind. 



T. javanica, Schni/zl. in Zoll. Vers. Ind. Arch. Pfl. 77 (1854), 

 Hambu-pan, S. 



T. latifolia, Moon, Cat. 61 (non L). T. angustifolia, Thw. Enum. 331 

 (non L.). C. P. 3218. 



Fl. B. Ind. vi. 489. Kerner in Bot. and Zool. Ges. Wien. xxxix. t. v. f. 6. 



Rootstock horizontal ; stem 4-6 ft, composed of 1. sheaths, 

 as thick as the wrist at the base, terete, smooth ; 1. as long as 

 the stem, erect, ^-f in. broad, biconvex above the sheath, 

 quite smooth, spongy within, sheaths terete, of lower 2)-^ in.; 

 male spike 4-6 by | in., bracts o ; hairs simple, toothed 

 or forked ; bracteoles shorter than the stam. ; anth. linear, tip 

 umbonate, pollen simple; fem. spike |-i in. below the male, 

 5-6 in. by J-| in. diam. ; fem. fl. mixed with pistillodes and 

 hairs with subspathulate tips, ov. fusiform, stigmas linear. 



Ponds in the low country, chiefly in the dry region; rare. Colombo; 

 near Galle ; Tissamaharama, abundant ; Batticaloa ; Anuradhapura. Fl. 

 August. 



Also in Malay Islands and Mauritius. 



Trimen in a note says, ' how different from T. angustifolia, L.' (?) (a 

 common European plant). The two species are extremely similar, but 

 the stigmas are described as dilated in T. angustifolia. — J. D. H. 



CXLIL— ARACE^. 



Herbs, with a tuberous or creeping rootstock and radical 

 1., or suffruticose climbers with aerial roots ; 1. entire or 

 divided, petiole sheathing ; infl. a spathe, enclosing a fl. bear- 

 ing uni- or bisexual spadix, which often terminates in a long 

 or short naked appendage; fl. small or minute, uni- rarely 

 bisexual, crowded in unisexual clusters on the spadix, male 

 clusters above the fem. in the bisexual spadices, with or 

 without interposed neuters, and with sometimes neuters above 

 the males ; perianth o, or of scales ; male fl. : — anth. 2-4-celled, 

 very various, free or connate; fem. fl. : — ov. sessile, 1-3-celled, 

 cells I- or more ovuled, style and stigma various, ovules erect 



