I04 FRUIT. [CHAP. 



there are a few others so distinct in character as to merit 

 special names and descriptions ; but as these are confined 

 to certain groups of plants, they may be suitably noticed 

 when we come to speak of the general character of the 

 respective groups in Part II. 



The prevalent forms of fruit, the usual structure of which 

 should be thoroughly understood, are as follow : — 



Simple fruits (resulting from a single flower) : 



Ache?ie, apocarpous, dry, indehiscent, usually one-seeded 

 (Clematis, Ranunculus, Rose). 



Follicle, apocarpous, dry, dehiscing by the ventral suture 

 (Star Anise). 



Legume, apocarpous, dry, dehiscing by both sutures 

 (Pea, Indigo). 



Nut, properly syncarpous, dry and indehiscent, the peri- 

 carp usually hard and bony. 



Drupe, usually apocarpous, succulent, indehiscent and 

 one-seeded, with the inner layer of the pericarp stony 

 (Mango, Almond, Jujube). 



Berry, syncarpous, succulent, indehiscent, few or many- 

 seeded (Coffee, Cape Gooseberry [Physalis), Grape). 



Capsule, syncarpous, dry, dehiscent (Cotton, Lily, Camellia, 

 Rhododendron, Trumpet-flowers). 



Collective fruits (resulting from two or more flowers). 



24. The structure of the seed we have already carefully 

 examined in the Pea, Castor-oil, and Wheat. In examining 

 plants, it will be sufficient at present to note whether the 

 seeds are solitary, defiiiite, or indefinite in the ovary if it be 

 apocarpous, or in each cell of the ovary if syncarpous. 

 Thus the seeds are solitary in Clematis, Cocoa-nut, Mango, 

 Zinnia, Sweet Basil, and Grass-cloth Nettle ; defi7iite (few and 



