136 KEY TO NATURAL ORDERS. [chap. 



Crassulace^e (p. 217). — Herbs or shrubs, usually with 

 fleshy leaves. Flowers regular, hermaphrodite. Stamens 

 definite. Pistil nearly apocarpous; ovary superior. 



Saxifrages (p. 218). — Herbs, shrubs, or trees with 

 alternate or opposite simple leaves (in Indian species). 

 Stamens usually ten or fewer, perigynous. Ovary more or 

 less adherent to the calyx-tube. Seeds usually indefinite, 

 albuminous. 



IJMBELLiFERiE (p. 2 1 9). — Hcrbs with liollow stems and 

 alternate sheathing, divided or dissected leaves (orbicular 

 and peltate in Hydrocotyle), and small umbellate flowers. 

 Petals five. Stamens five ; epigynous. Carpels two ; when 

 ripe, dry, indehiscent, and usually separating. 



Araliaces (p. 222). — Trees, shrubs, or herbs with 

 alternate simple or compound leaves. Petals and stamens 

 epigynous. Fruit usually succulent, indehiscent, and not 

 separating into its constituent (two or more) carpels. 



LoRANTHACES (p. 223). — Parasitical shrubs with opposite 

 or alternate coriaceous simple leaves. Stamens opposite to 

 the apparent petals, and adnate to them below. Ovary 

 inferior. Fruit one-seeded. Seed albuminous. 



GAMOPETAL^. — Corolla with the petals united. 

 (Petals exceptionally fi"ee in some species of Ericaceae, 

 Campanulacese, Styracaceae, Oleaceae, Primulaceae, and 

 Plumbaginacese). 



* Ovary inferior (except in a few Campanulaceae and 

 Styracaceae). 



RuBiACEiE (p. 224). — Trees, shrubs, or herbs with oppo- 

 site simple leaves and interpetiolar stipules, or in some 

 herbs with verticillate leaves. Stamens as many as corolla- 

 lobes, epipetalous. 



