294 



CONIFERM. 



[chap. 

 flower- 



pulpy coat removed. Long pepper is the dried 

 spikes of Chavica Roxhurghii. 



The Family affords some valuable medicines, and several 

 species are employed as such by the natives of India. 



93. Natural Order, Co^iiferce. — The Pine Famil}. 



Branching trees with simple, usually evergreen leaves. 

 Ovules naked (fertilised by direct contact of the pollen). 



Type — The Cheer Pine [Finns longifoUa [Cheersullan, 

 Sarut]). 



A tree of the Himalaya, with long, acicular, evergreen, 

 ternate leaves, naked, monoecious flowers in catkins, and a 

 multiple fruit (cone). 



[No species of Pine is native in the Peninsula.] 



From the extreme simplicity of the flowers of Coniferce, 

 the usual schedule is not suited to exhibit their structure in 

 a tabular form. 



Fig. 1S3. Staininal scale of Pine. 



Fig. 184. Ovule-bearing scale of same. 



The male flowers of Pine {Finns) are arranged in short 

 catkins, consisting of minute, imbricating scales, each scale 

 bearing two anther-lobes upon its under surface. 



The female flowers, also, are in small, dense, cone-like 

 catkins, consisting of small scales, each scale bearing upon 



