386 Lxi. PASSiFLOREiE. \Passiflora 



6. PASSIFLORA L. ; Benth. k Hook. f. Gen. PI. i. p. 810. 



1. P. eduUs Sims, Bot. Mag. tab. 1989 (1818). 

 MossAMEDES. — Cultivated under the name of " Maracuja roxo " of 



St. Helena, whence it is supposed to have been imported ; fruit of the 

 size of a pigeon's egg (§ by h in. when dry), containing a very sweet 

 pulp. It serves to furnish an excellent lemonade for use in fevers, etc. 

 Determination doubtful. Coll. Cakp. 694. 



2. P. quadrangularis L. Syst. Nat., edit. 10 (ii.) p. 1248 (1759). 

 Island of St. Thomas. — Called " Maracuja " ; fr. Dec. 1860. 



Coll. Carp. 954. 



Prince's Island. — Called " Grenadilla " ; fr. Sept. 1853. Coll. 

 Carp. 592. 



This species is cultivated in the islands above-mentioned for the 

 sake of its fruits, which Welwitsch found agreeable, sweet, and rather 

 acid ; they are egg-shaped and as large as a man's fist, and deserve to 

 be cultivated throughout Angola. 



Both of these species of PaHsiflnra are of tropical American origin. 

 According to a manuscript note of Welwitsch, P. macrocarpa Masters 

 in Gardeners' Chronicle, 1869, p. 1012, occui's as a cultivated plant 

 in Angola. 



LXII. CARICACE^. 



1. CARICA L. ; Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. PI. i. p. 815. 



1. C. Papaya L. Sp. PI., edit. 1, p. 1036 (1753) ; Welw. Apont. 

 p. 556, n. 128. Papaya vulgaris DC. in Lam. Encycl. Meth. v. 

 p. 2 (1804) ; Ficalho, PI. Uteis, p, 185 (1884). 



GoLUNGO Alto. — In secondary woods and in thickets about the sites 

 of deserted dwellings. Cultivated and subspontaneous. At Sange ; 

 fl. Jan. 1855. No. 802. 



This is a beautiful tree, and has a very peculiar appearance, with its 



erect and undivided trunk, large leaves grouped in a terminal fascicle, 



and pendulous fruits of the size of a small melon ; it is of American 



origin, and is one of the plants which the Portuguese have distributed 



in the tropics and introduced for cultivation in Africa and Asia. It is 



fairly frequent in Angola and the Cape de Verde Islands. The tree is 



called by the Portuguese colonists " Mamoeiro " and the fruit " Mamao " 



or sometimes " Papaya " ; the fruit is eaten raw when ripe or dressed 



when unripe and cooked in many ways for the table, and eaten with 



cream or pepper or sugar as confectionery, or as sauce ; and it is of 



true economic importance in some of the Portuguese colonies, as, for 



instance, in St. Antonio, Cape de Verde Islands, where it enters largely 



into the food of the island. The tree is frequent throughout the 



mountain region of Angola, both cultivated and wild, and produces 



fruit nearly all the year ; but it is rarely met with either in the 



coast or highland regions, and it does not grow wild there ; it is 



found in the warmer districts, in Icolo e Bengo, Cazengo, Golungo 



Alto, Cambambe, Benguella, etc. Welwitsch first saw it wild in 



secondary woods at Mongolo, not far from the river Chixe, in Oct. 



1854. The trunk attains 10 to 20 ft. in height and then branches ; 



beside its culinary uses the fruit has medicinal qualities. In a 



favourable climate it bears fruit at the end of the second year, but 



ordinarily not until the third or fourth year ; it is met with both 



as monoecious and dioecious ; the trunk occasionally branches especially 



when mutilated near the top. 



