434 LXIX. RUBTACE.^. [AcUiUl 



difference in the character of the foliage, etc. ; this condition 

 occurs very commonly in the genus Fadogia. It is extraordinary 

 that the number of stamens and divisions of the parts of the 

 flowers is sometimes 4, sometimes 5 or 6 ; and this state of things 

 is conspicuous also in Loganiacese even to a greater extent, while 

 the contiguous families of Apocynacese and Asclepiadacese are 

 strictly pentamerous throughout, and Gentianace* but seldom 

 have flowers varying from the tetramerous to the pentamerous 

 condition. 



The arborescent and shrubby members of the family, that is, 

 nearly all with the exception of the tribes Oldenlandieae and 

 Spermacocese, greatly diminish in number of species in western 

 tropical Africa from the 12th or 13th degree of south latitude 

 southwards ; they occur more abundantly nearer the equator ; 

 but on the eastern side of the continent numerous species of 

 Triccdysia, Gardenia, and several small genera such as Alberta 

 extend to Natal and the Cape. Tropical Afi'ica abounds with 

 Gardeniese, which are adorned with magnificent flowers, and 

 often with splendid foliage which, in freshness, gloss, and elegant 

 arrangement, surpasses that of most of the remaining Rubiacese. 



Welwitsch advised the introduction and cultivation of Cinchona 

 into the island of St. Thomas and of Ipecacuanha into Golungo 

 Alto. See Welwitsch, Apont. p. 549, n. 87, and p. 579, note 12; 

 Synopse Explic. p. 10, n. 20. 



Aromatic flowers occur frequently, especially in the white- 

 flowering trees and shrubs. The largest spines occur in Guviera 

 angolensis Welw. Useful wood is supplied by several species of 

 Gardeniese, equal to box-wood or still better ; Adina 7nicrocej)hala 

 also affords excellent wood for cabinet-makers' work, and Coffea 

 for furniture. 



In his diary, 14 Feb., 1857, Welwitsch notes as collected in 

 Pungo Andongo, during an excursion to Quilanga, an annual 

 creeping and ascending Rubiacea, with the habit of Saxifraga 

 § Robertsmiia ; I have not identified any such specimen. 



1. ADINA Salisb. ; Benth & Hook. f. Gen. PI. ii. p. 30 (April 

 1873). 



1. A. microcephala Hiern in Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. iii. p. 40 ; 

 Haviland in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxxiii. p. 42 (1897). 



NaitA^lea microcephala Delile in Caill. PI. Afr. p. 67 (1826), non 

 Wall. A. lasiantha K. Schum. in Engl. Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrik., C., 

 p. 378 (1895). Adina (sp. n.), Ficalho, PI. Uteis, p. 193 (1884). 



Bumbo. — A handsome lofty evergreen tree, renowned for its 

 excellent hard wood; trunk 3 to 8 or even more than 12 ft. (?) in 

 diameter. In primitive forests by streams near Bumbo ; fl. and fr. 

 17 and 18 Oct. 1859. Colonial name " P^o d'oleo," or ''Pau de oleo." 

 No 3029. 



Var. Galpini. 



A. Galpini Oliv. in Hook. Ic. PI. t. 2386(1895). A. micro- 

 cephala, var. ji, Ha^aland, I.e., p. 43. Leaves verticillate, ternate, 



