94 PAPILIONACE^. 



curved embryo with much proteid matter as well as 

 starch in the thick cotyledons. Most have compound 

 leaves, and both main and subsidiary stalks are attached 

 by a swollen base {piilvimis) which bend up or down 

 carrying the leaf and leaflets with them. 



The PAPILIONACEyE, found all over the world, are 

 well represented here ; the C^SALPINEiE, mainly 

 tropical, are doubtfully indigenous at these levels : the 

 MIMOSE^, an almost entirely tropical family, occur only 

 where planted. 



PAPILIONACE/E. 



Bean, Pea^ Gram, etc- 



The flowers of this family are remarkably alike in 

 general appearance, and different from all others. The 

 Sweet-pea may be taken as an example. There is a 

 green more or less bell-shaped calyx with five teeth. 

 Of the petals, the top one is much the largest and 

 wraps round the others in bud: this is conveniently 

 called always the standard. Below and inside this are a 

 pair, called the wings ; and between these again a second 

 pair which are united towards the tip and together 

 called the keel. This keel encloses the ovary and stamens. 

 The latter ten always in number, are nearly always 

 connected into a tube, either complete, all ten being 

 united {?nonadelpJwus), or with a split on the upper side in 

 which is one free stamen {diadelphoiis) as in the Sweet- 

 pea. The ovary is attached by a short stalk somewhat 

 below the level of the other parts, to one side of the 

 deeply hollowed centre, and has one row only of seeds 

 inside, attached to the upper edge. It narrows gradu- 

 ally into the style, which is usually bent sharply upwards^ 

 and ends in a small stigma. The Sweet-pea has a pod 

 which opens by both the upper and the lower edges, and 



