174 UMBELLIFERiE. 



rounded in fruit : bracts ^ inch. Filaments white with 



brown or violet anthers. Styles white, in early fruit 



spreading and tipped by the violet, stigmas. Fruit 



papillose, t. 129. Wight Ic. t. 341- 



Pulneys : very common in the grass of the open downs, 

 flowers freely May to September. Fpon 1027, 2068, 1347, 

 2761. Bourne 1098, 5216. The leaves have a faint smell of 

 Aniseed. 



HERACLEUM. f.b.i. xxxiii. 



Cow Parsnip. 



Distinguished among our genera by the mericarps 



being much broader than thick (widest at the division), 



and when quite ripe often fiat and winged by the extra 



large lateral ridges : by the obscure middle ridges, and 



solitary vittas which are prominent when dry, three or 



four only to each mericarp, and usually extend from near 



the top not quite to the base, being thicker downwards. 



Species about 70, mostly in temperate Europe and America, 

 {Fr, Berce, Ger. Herkuleskraut.) 



Many of the species are large plants and since considerable variation 

 occurs and also differences between the upper and lower leaves it is not 

 easy to determine and define the species from dried herbarium material. 

 Considerable confusion has therefore crept in, and I am uncertain about 

 the exact distribution of some of the forms. H. hookerianum JV. &> A, 

 appears to be a young form of H. rigens Wall. H, candoUeana of Wight's 

 herbarium is not the same as H, candolleana of Wight and Arnott's 

 Prodromus. H. pedatum ^^';§'/^/ is possibly not of this genus. I differ from 

 C. B. Clarke in the identification of several of the sheets, named by him 

 H, rigens, since they appear to me more like II. sprengelianum. 



Hcraclcum rigens Wall. Cat. No. 575 ! ; F-B.L ii JS 

 (in part), XXXIII 15 ; common Cow Parsnip of the Kodai- 

 kanal downs. 



Rootstock stout, stem puberulous or pubescent. 

 Leaves of three to five leaflets. Leaflets and their lobes 

 rounded, margin serrate or dentate. Rays of umbel 

 numerous (fifteen to thirty), 2 to 3 inches : pedicel J^ inch. 

 Flowers yellow. Mericarps when fresh half as thick as 

 broad, J^ to ^ inch, broadly elliptic, brownish red or 



