300 SCROPHULARIACEA. 



glistening hairs, pale on the lower; veins and margins 

 glandular. Flowers on nearly terminal, but lateral and 

 axillary, pedicels ; all green parts glandular and sticky. 

 Sepals ovate, 1/5 to 1/4 inch, occasionally toothed. Corolla 

 lemon-yellow ; lower lip in the form of a bag nearly as 

 long as broad, variable in size, but usually about % inch 

 upper lip hood-shaped, glandular and very hairy inside. 

 Stamens two, attached closely to the inside of the hood, 

 each with one half anther inside, and a club-shaped part 

 projecting out of the mouth. Capsule a long oval, 

 exceeding the calyx. 



On moist shady banks and by the edges of sholas ; common 

 in and near the hill-stations. Fpon 2005, 4^^- Bourne 200. 



Honey is secreted by a small greenish gland at the inner end 

 of the upper side of the lower lip, but the entrance to the flower 

 is closed except to insects willing and able to push in by de- 

 pressing the lower lip. The anthers are protected from rain and 

 waste inside the hood, but each is at one end of a lever hinged 

 to the inside of the hood and projecting at the other end well 

 outside the mouth. When an insect, such as a bee, forces its 

 head into the space between the two lips it of necessity comes 

 into contact with these two sterile ends of the connectives, and 

 pushing them down brings out the anthers against the back of 

 its head. When it leaves the flower the anthers are released and 

 spring back again inside the hood and the mouth is closed. 

 The protection of the pollen is therefore very perfect. Autogamy 

 would occur by the fall of the corolla. Cf. Kunth, Flower 

 Pollination^ vol. II, page 165, for C. pinnata. 



ILLYSANTHES. f.b.i. 103 xxv. 



Annual glabrous herbs. Leaves opposite, entire 

 or nearly so. Flowers two-lipped. Sepals narrow. 

 Stamens two. Capsule not much longer than broad. 



Species 10 to 15, in India, South Africa, North America 

 and Australia. 



Illysanthes hyssopioides Benth. ; F.B.I. iv 283, XXV 

 I. A marsh plant. Stem 6 to 10 inches, weak. Leaves 

 J^ by ^ inch, one- or three-nerved, entire. Flower-stalks 

 in the upper axils, % to I inch, very slender. Sepals 



