Lxxi. coMrosiT.i:. 39 



axillary pedimcles. Invol. -bracts about 8, ovate, obtuse or acute, her- 

 baceous, strigose with appressed white hairs. Kay-llowers ligulate, the 

 Jigule small, spreading, scarcely as long as the bracts, not toothed, white. 

 Disk-flowers tubular, the corollas often 4-toothed, Pappus 0, except 

 occasionally very minute teeth on the top o£ the achene. Achenes 

 cuneate, compressed and with a narrow wing, covered with warty ex- 

 crescences. Jackson, in Index Kewen. v. 2, p. S2i ; Dalz. & Gibs. 

 p. 127; Aitch. Pb. & ISind PL p. 75. Edipta i)rostrata, Linn. Mantiss. 

 V. 2, p. 286 ; Grab. Cat, p. 99 ; Dalz. & Gibs. p. 127. Ecli2ita alba, 

 Haask. PI. Jav. Ear. (1848) p. 528 ; Hook. £. PI. B. I. v. 3, p. 304 ; 

 C. B. Clarke, Comp. Ind. p. 134 ; Trim. PI. Ceyl. v. 3, p. 37 ; Woodr. 

 in Journ. Bomb. Kit. v. 11 (1898) p. 649 ; W'att, Diet. Econ. Prod, 

 v. 3, p. 201. — Plow^ers : Oct.-Dec. A^ern. MdM ; Bhdngrd. 



Tlaere are two forms of the plant, one erect and the otlier prostrate, but otherwise 

 not differing. Both are pretty common in the Bombay Presidency. Konkan : Kal- 

 yan, Woodruw. Deccan : Pooua, Cooke \ SiNU : Stocks !, Bhola Paran ! ; Karachi, 

 iVoodrow. 



The plant is of considerable repute in native medicine. See Watt, Diet. Econ. 

 Prod. 1. c. — DisTRiB. India (Bengal, Birma, Central India, Punjab, W. Peninsula) ; 

 Ceylon, Malaja, cosmopolitan in warm climates. 



30. SCLEROCARPUS, Jacq. 

 Annual or perennial branched herbs, strigose or villous. Leaves 

 alternate or the lower (rarely all) opposite. Heads terminal, or in the 

 forks or leaf-opposed, heterogamous, rayed, yellow ; ray-flowers neuter, 

 1-seriate ; disk-tlowers ^ , fertile. Involucre campanulate ; bracts few, 

 2-seriate, all or the tips herbaceous, the outer spreading. Ileceptacle 

 convex or conic, the palea) enfolding the base of the ^ flowers, at length 

 closed above the achenes, indurated and deciduous with them. Corollas 

 of the ray-flowers ligulate, the ligules spreading, entire or scarcely 

 toothed ; corollas of the ^ flowers regular, tubular, the limb slightly 

 enlarged, 3-5-fld. Anther-bases subentire. Style-arms of ^ flowers 

 elongate, acute, obtuse or subclavare. Pappus or a short ring. 

 Achenes obovoid, subcom pressed, glabrous, narrowed below, enclosed in 

 the rugose often beaked palese. — Disxrib. Tropical America, Africa, and 

 Asia; species about 11. 



1. Sclerocarpus africanus, Jacq. Icon. PI. liar. v. 1 (1782) p. 17, 

 t. 176. Annual, erect, 1-3 ft. high; stem and branches terete, striate, 

 more or less hispid. Leaves 1-3^ by g-lf in., mostly alternate, ovate, 

 acute, clothed on both sides with appressed hairs, remotely serrate, 

 3-5-nerved, base shortly cuneate ; petioles up to | in. long. Heads 

 j-J in. in diam., sessile or peduncled, terminal or leaf-opposed, supported 

 usually by 2 or 3 floral leaves. Invol.-bracts foliaceous, linear-oblong, 

 obtuse, hairy. Pay-flowers few, ligulate, neuter. Corollas of disk- 

 flowers elongate ; lubes lanceolate, acute. Palese of the receptacle boat- 

 shaped, enclosing the curved gibbous ribbed achenes. PI. B. I. v. 3, 

 p. 305; Dalz. & Gibs. p. 129; Oliver, PI. Trop. Afr. v. 3, p. 374; 

 C. B. Clarke, Comp. Ind. p. 134 ; Woodr. in Journ. Bomb. Nat. v. 11 

 (1898) p. 649.— Plowers : July-Aug. 



Konkan: Stocksl Dectan: highest hills ronnd Junnar, Z)«7-c// Jf" 'ri'fcoM ; Kadak- 

 vasla, WuodrvVj\; hill 14 miles W. of Poona, Krishna'.; Nasik, Woodrow. Gujakax ; 



