Lsxi. C(jmi'osit.t;. 57 



Coinp. Ind. p. 240 ; Wootlr. in Journ. Bomb. Nat. v. 11 (1S98) p. 651 ; 

 Hoffin. in Engl. & Prantl, PUanzenf. v. 4, part 5, p. 325, tig. 148, D ; 

 Watt, Diet. Econ. Prodr. v. 6, part 4, p. 80. Serratula iudica, Willd. Sp. 

 PI. V. 3, p. 1642 ; Grah. Cat. p. 95.— Flowers : Dec. Vekn. Ddhdn. 



KoNKAN : Laio ! ; Salsette, Graham. Deccan : Khandala, Cooke ! ; Panchgani, 

 Woodrow ! S. M. Country : Erur, Graham. Kanaka : Thomson ! — Distrib. India 

 (W. Peninsula, Central India, Marwar). 



3. Tricholepis amplexicaulis, 0. B. Clarice, Comj^. Ind. (1876) 

 p. 240. An erect annual 3-5 ft. high; stem stout and as well as the 

 branches angled and ribbed, glabrous or minutely scaberulous. Leaves 

 sessile, 3-5 by |-1| in., punctate, mucronate, glabrous, distantly and 

 irregularly spinous-toothed or serrate, the margins between the teeth 

 often minutely denticulate, linear-oblong or obovate-oblong, base dilated, 

 aui'icled, toothed, g-amplexicaul ; midrib and nerves prominent beneath. 

 Heads I-I5 in. in diam., more or less woolly-pubescent ; peduncles short, 

 stout, angular, glabrous or nearly so, furnished with leafy bracts. Corollas 

 reaching | in. long, purple, the lobes of the limb \ by ^L in. Outer 

 invol.-bracts linear-lanceolate, aristate-acuminate, M'ith narrow scai'ious 

 margins, the apical bristles very long and almost glabrous, spreading or 

 recurved ; the inner bracts much longer than the outer with shorter 

 bristles, linear, acute, almost entirely scarious, ciliate towards the top. 

 Style-arms short, subdeltoid, with a ring of hairs at the base of the lobes. 

 Paleaj of the receptacle longer than the achenes but shorter than the 

 corollas, very narrow, acute. Pappus or rarely of a few hairs. 

 Achenes -l— | in. long, obovoid, smooth, glossy, the basal areole very 

 oblique, top rounded and with a very small apical scar, dark- brown, 

 nearly black. Fl. B. I. v. 3, p. 381 ; Woodr. in Journ. Bomb. Nat. v. 

 11 (1898) p. 651.— Flowers : Nov.-Dec. Veek. Ddhdn. 



KoNKAS : Stocks !, Law '., Dalzell ! Deccan : Khandala, Cooke !, WuoJrow ! Kanaka : 

 Law\ — Distrib. India (W. Peninsula). 



47. VOLUTARELLA, Cass. 



Erect or divaricately diffuse annuals. Leaves alternate, toothed or 

 remotely pinnatifid. Heads heterogamous ; outer flowers 1-seriate, 

 neuter ; disk-flowers ^ , fertile. Involucre ovoid or globose ; bracts 

 00 - seriate, imbricate, the innermost narrow, acute, sometimes colored, 

 erect, the exterior gradually shorter, acute, mucronate, or terminated by 

 an awn or a simple spreading spine, lleceptacle flat, densely bristly. 

 Corollas regular, purple, violet, or blue ; tube slender ; limb cylindric, 

 deeply 5-fid. Filaments glabrous or hairy ; anther-bases sagittate, the 

 auricles connate, shortly tailed. Style filiform, the arms free or connate. 

 Pappus more or less paleaceous, cc - seriate, the innermost 2-4, dilated 

 and flattened, the outer gradually shorter. Achenes obovoid or oblong, 

 subterete or angled, prominently and regularly 5-15-ribbed, the areole 

 oblique or lateral. — Distrib. S. Europe, N. Africa, AV. Asia, India ; 

 species 4 or 5. 



1. Volutarella divaricata, Benth.ij- Hool-.f. Gen. PI. v. 2 (1873) 

 p. 476 (exclud, syn. Centaurea patala and Serratula divaricata). Stem 

 erect, dichotomously branched, glabrous or scaberulous ; branches 1-2 ft. 

 long, angled, smooth or scabrid. Leaves oblong or obovate, entire, toothed 



