LXXI. COMPOSIT-E. 69 



Tragopogon porrifolium, Linn. Sp. PI. (1753) p. 780, and Scorzonera 

 hispanica, Linn. Sp. PI. (1753) p. 791. The White and Black Salsifi/ 

 respectively". These may be grown with advantage in the Deccan, espe- 

 cially if irrigation is available, but they are not often planted. I have 

 grown both for several years successively in Poona and have found theui 

 very satisfactory. Woodr. Gard. in Ind. ed. 5, p. 365. 



Taraxacum ojioinale, [Weber, in] Wigg. Prim. FI. Holsat. p. 56. The 

 Dandelion, whose roots furnish the well-known medicinal extract. It 

 was grown for many years near Poona, whence the extract was supplied 

 to the Government Medical Stores. Mr. Woodrow, who superintended 

 the work of growing the plant and making the extract, says that a fair 

 crop would yield about 1500 lbs. of fresh roots per acre, from which 

 18 percent, of the extract was obtainable. Woodr, Gard. in Ind. ed. 5, 

 p. 362; Watt, Diet. Econ. Prod. v. 6, part 3, p. 414. Leontodon Tarax- 

 acum, Linn. Sp. PI. (1753) p. 798 ; Dalz. & Gibs. Suppl. p. 48. 



Ordeii LXXIL GOODENIACE^. 



Herbs or shrubs; juice not milky. Leaves alternate or radical (very 

 rarely opposite) ; stipules 0. FlovA'ers hermaphrodite, often irregular^ 

 solitary or in axillary or terminal spikes, racemes, or panicles. Calyx- 

 tube adnate to the ovary or rarely free ; limb 5-fid or nearly obsolete. 

 Corolla gamopetalous ; lobes 5, valvate in bud. Stamens 5, inserted at 

 the base of the corolla and alternate with its lobes ; anthers free or 

 connate in a ring round the style. Ovary altogether or partly inferior 

 (nirely free), 1-2-celled ; ovules in each cell 1 or many, on the dis- 

 sepiment; style simple (rarely 2-tid), with a cup-shaped or 2-lipped 

 indusium including the stigma. Fruit a drupe or capsule. Seeds albu- 

 minous ; embryo straight ; radicle next the hilum, — Distrib. Australia, 

 Temperate America, New Zealand, S.E. Asia ; species about 200. 



1. SC-ffiVOLA, Linn. 



Herbs or shrubs. Leaves alternate (rarely opposite), entire or toothed. 

 Flowers axillary, on a 1-flowered peduncle between 2 opposite bracts, or 

 at the bifurcations of a dichotomously branched peduncle, sessile or 

 pedicelled. Calyx-tube adnate to the ovary, turbinate, ovoid or globose ; 

 limb usually short, annular, cup-shaped or 5-partite, sometimes obsolete. 

 Corolla oblique, split at the back to the base; lobes subequal, at length 

 usually digitately spreading. Anthers free. Ovary usually inferior, 

 2 (rarely 1) -celled ; ovules 1-2, erect. Indusium of the style cup- 

 shaped, enclosing the truncate or divaricately 2-lobed stigma. Fruit a 

 drupe ; exocarp fleshy, succulent or thinly membranous ; endocarp 

 woody or bony, rarely thin and crustaceous. — Distrib. Species about 

 60, of which about 50 are Australian, 8 Polynesian, and 2 Asiatic. 



Leaves 4^-8 in. long ; calyx-lobes linear-lanceolate enlarged in 



fruit; drupe white 1. S, Kanigii. 



Leaves 1^—3 in. long ; calyx truncate or obscurely lobed ; drupe 



purple .-. 2, S. Lobelia , 



1. Scsevola Koenigii, Vahl, S>jmh. Bot. v. 3 (1794) p, 36. A 

 shrub 4-10 ft. high ; stem 6-7 in, in diam. ; branches stout, cylindric,. 



