118 LXXX. OLEACE.!:. 



inJourn. Bomb. Nat. v. 12 (1898) p. 164; Watt, Diet. Econ. Prod. 

 V. 4, p. G43. Olea ixiniculata, Eoxb. Hort. BeDg. p. 80 {not of R. Br.). 

 Olea liOxbur</hii (sp.), Spreng. Neue Entdeck. v. 3 (1822) p. 78 ; "Wight, 

 Icon. t. 735 (not of Wall.). Olea lioxhurghiana, Ecem. & Schult. Mant. 

 V. 1 (1822) p. 77 ; Dalz. & Gibs. p. 159. 



KoNKAN : common on the Ghats, Dalzdl cf- Gihmn. Deccan : Lanoli, JVoodrow. 



This tree is said by Dalzell & Gibson {I.e.) to be common on the Ghats. It is, 

 however, far from common, but, on the contrary, rare. — Distrib. India (Orissa 

 and Circars, Chota Nagpore, Siwaliks, W. Peninsula). 



5. OLEA, Linn. 



Trees or shrubs. Leaves opposite, entire or toothed. Elowers small, 

 herinaphrodite, dioecious or polygamous, in axillary or exti'a-axillary 

 (rarely terminal) panicles. Calyx short, 4-toothed or 4-fid. Corolla- 

 tube usually short ; lobes 4, induplicate-valvate, or 0. Stamens usually 2, 

 inserted on the corolla-tube (in male flowers sometimes hypogynous) ; 

 filaments short ; anthers oblong. Ovary 2-celled ; ovules 2 in each 

 cell, attached laterally to the septum or subpendulous ; style short ; 

 stigma capitate or bifid. Drupe ellipsoid or subglobose ; endocarp bony 

 or crustaceous. Seed usually solitary, pendulous ; albumen usually 

 fleshy ; radicle short, superior. — Disteib. South Africa, India, Australia, 

 and Polynesia ; species about 35. 



1. Olea dioica, Roxb. Hort. Beng. (1814) p. 3. A small or moderate- 

 sized glabrous tree ; bark grey, smooth. Leaves coriaceous, 3-5 by 

 l|-2 in., elliptic-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, entire or distantly and 

 sharply serrate, v^aved, glabrous, base acute, running down into the 

 petiole ; main nerves 8-10, slender, conspicuous beneath ; petioles \-^ in. 

 long. Elowers polygamo-dioecious (male and hermaphrodite) in com- 

 pound panicles 1-3 in. long, which are axillary or leaf-opposed or from 

 below the leaves, the male panicles rather larger and more dense than 

 the hermaphrodite ones. Male flowers : Calyx -^^3- in. long, glabrous ; 

 lobes triangular, acute, 3^^ in. long. Corolla g in. long ; lobes 3^ in. 

 long, triangular-ovate, subacute. Eilaments short. IIermapheodite 

 FLOWERS : Calyx and corolla as in the male ; stamens usually 2 (some- 

 times 3) ; filaments inserted on the corolla or sometimes on the ovary 

 (epigynous). Drupe g-^ in. long, ellipsoid, often slightly pointed, 

 purple and covered with a whitish powdery bloom when ripe. Seed 

 ellipsoid, shortly pointed, rugose, glabrous, intensely bitter to the taste; 

 testa thin; cotyledons oblong-elliptic, flat. El. B. I. v. 3, p. 612; 

 Grab. Cat. p. 109 ; Dalz. & Gibs. p. 159 ; Eoxb. El. Ind. v. 1, p. 106 ; 

 Wight, lllustr. t. 151 ; Talb. Trees, Bomb. od. 2, p. 219; Woodr. in 

 Journ. Bomb. Nat. v. 12 (1898) p. 164; AVatt, Diet. Econ. Prod. v. 5, 

 p. 484. — Elowers: Jan.- Apr. Veun. rdrjdmh; Karmnha. 



Very common all along the Ghats. Konkan : Law], Stocks]; Matheran very 

 common, CooJce\ Deccan : Khandala, Woodrow; Mahableshwar, Cooke; Lanoli, 

 Graham ; Thunda Gh.it, Ritchie, 9l!I ! S. M. Countuy : Castlerock, Cooke ! Kanaka : 

 evergreen Gliat-forcsts of K. Kanara, common, Talhot \ Jagalbet, Ritchie, 9lil ! — 

 Distrib. India (lower liills of Assam and Bengal, Western Peninsula). 



I have found (as has Kurz) that a corolla is present in the female or hermaphrodite 

 flowers of this tree, of wliicli I have ex.'imincd many living specimens at Matheran, 

 where it is abundant. Iloxburgli (Fl. Ind. 1. c.) says that the female is probably 

 hermaphrodite, and if so the corolla with the stamens must huyo fallen off at a wry 



