CXIII. SANTALACE^, 555 



in the centre of the albumen ; radicle exceeding the cotyledons. — 

 DiSTEiB, India, Malaya, Australia, and Pacific Islands ; species 

 about 8. 



1. Santalum album, Linn. Sp. PL (1753) p. 349. A small ever- 

 green glabrous tree with slender drooping branches ; the sap-wood white 

 and odorless, the heart-wood yellowisli-brown, strongly scented. Leaves 

 14-2i by 1^-1 J in., elliptic-lanceolate, subacute, glabrous, entire, thin, 

 base acute ; petioles |-| in. long, slender. Flowers brownish-purple, 

 inodorous, in terminal and axillary paniculate cymes shorter than the 

 leaves. Perianth cauipanulate ; limb of 4 valvate triangular segments. 

 Stamens 4, exserted, alternating with 4 rounded obtuse scales. Drupe 

 globose, i ill. in diam., purple-black; endocarp hard, ribbed. PL B. I. 

 V. 5, p. 231 ; Grab. Cat. p. 177 ; Dalz. & Gibs. p. 224 ; Bedd. Plor. 

 Sylvat. t. 256; Talb. Trees, Bomb. ed. 2, p. 293; Woodr. in Jouru. 

 Bomb. Nat. V. 12 (1899) p. 368; Praia, Beiig. PI. p. 914; Watt, 

 Diet. Econ. Prod. v. 6, part 2, p. 461. — Plowers: Mar.-Aug. Veen. 

 Chandan. 



Indigenous throughout the dry districts of the Presidency from Nasik southwards, 

 frequently planted in gardens as far north as Grujarat. Konkan : SfocJcsl, DahellV^, 

 in gardens about Bombay, Grahani. Deccan : S.W. of Poona, Dahcll if- Gibson; 

 Dongergaon near Ainnednagar, Cooke \ S. M. Country : DaLell ij- Gihsoii. Kanaka: 

 dry deciduous forests of N. Kanara, Talbot. — Distrib. India (VV. Peninsula), cultiTated 

 elsewhere. 



The White Sandalwood Tree. A valuable essential oil is obtained by distillation 

 from the wood and tlie roots, which latter yield the largest quaiitit}'. The wood is the 

 Sandalwood of commerce used for carving, for burning in Parsi temples, and for the 

 cremation of wealthy Hindus. See Watt, Diet. Econ. Prod. 1. c. 



2. OSYRIS, Linn. 



Glabrous shrubs : young branches angular. Leaves alternate, entire ; 

 stipules 0. Flowers small, axillary, polygamous (male and 2-sexual), 

 the male flowers in clusters, the bisexual often solitary. Perianth-tube 

 solid in the male flowers, in the 2-sexual flowers aduate to the ovary ; 

 lobes 3-4, triangular, valvate, with a tuft of hairs on the face. Stamens 

 3 or 4, inserted at the base of the perianth-lobes ; anther-cells distinct. 

 Disk angular. Ovary inferior, sunk in the perianth-tube ; ovules 2-4, 

 pendulous from a short stout central placenta ; style short ; stigma 

 3-4-lobed. Fruit a globose or ovoid drupe. Seed globose, solitary ; 

 embryo in the centre of copious fleshy albumen. — Disteib. S. Europe, 

 Africa, India ; species 5 or 6. 



1. Osyris arborea, Wall. Cat. (1828) 4035. A large much- 

 branched glabrous shrub ; young branches sharply triangular. Leaves 

 subsessile, coriaceous, numerous, glaucous, 1-1 1 by |-1 in., elliptic- 

 oblong, or oblong-lanceolate, or obovate-oblong, mucronate, base 

 cuneate. Flowers minute, axillary, yellowish-green, the male flowers 

 in long-pedunculate shortly pedicellate 5-10-flo\vered umbels, the 

 peduncles of the 2-sexual flowers carrying 1-3 flowers and elongating 

 in fruit. Perianth-limb 3-lobed ; lobes triangular. Stamens opposite 

 the perianth-lobes. Disk fleshy, 3-lobed, the lobes alternating with the 

 stamens. Stigma 3-lobed. Drupe yellow, \~^ in. in diam., subglobose. 

 Fl. B. I. v. 5, p. 232; Trim. Fl. Ceyl. v. 3, p. 474 ; Talb. Trees, Bomb, 

 ed. 2, p. 294; Woodr. in Journ. Bomb. Nat. v. 12 (1899) p. 368; 



