S72 CXLVl. CYl'KRACE.E. 



style ^ in. long; stigmas 3, elongate, reaching Jr in. long, much 

 exserted. FI. 13. I. v. 6, p. 614; Grab. Cat. p. 231 : Dalz. & Gibs, 

 p. 283 ; Boeck. in Linnaja, v. 30 (1870) p. 283 ; C. B. Clarke, in Journ. 

 Linn. Soc. v. 21 (1884) p. 167 ; Trim. Fl. Cevl. v. 5, p. 35 ; Woodr. in 

 Journ. Bomb. Nat. v. 13 (1901) p. 431; Prain, Bang. PI. p. 1141; 

 Watt, Diet. Econ. Prod. v. 2, p. 686.— Flowers : Sept.-Nov. Veen. 

 Moth ; Mutha ; N(i(far-motha. 



Deci'AN : Poona, Jarquemont, 382.', Bhac/vaf\; Laiioli. Uoodrnw. Sind : Bhola 

 Piira/i, 25 ! ; Bbubak, Woudrow. — Distkib. Throughout India ; Ceylon, most hot 

 countries. 



A very troublesome weerl of cultivation, eradicated with diiTicuIty owing to the 

 stolons becoming woody. The tubers are roasted and pounded, and are used in native 

 medicine and also for giving an aroma to certain fabrics. The fragrant sticks burnt 

 in Hindu houses contain a portion of the powder. 



37. Cyperus tuberosus, Botth. Descrip. et Icon. (1773) p. 28, t. 7, 

 fig. 1. Perennial ; rliizon)e creeping, wood}' ; stolons elongate, not 

 tuberiferous ; root -fibres filiform, covered with branched hairs; stems 

 2-4 ft. long, slender, trigonous with tuberous base. Leaves mostly 

 radical, usually shorter than the stem, up to ^ in. broad, with smooth 

 margins. Umbel compound ; primary rays few or many, slender, 

 spreading, reaching 6 in. long ; secondary rays terminating in 4-8 

 approximate spreading spihelets ; bracts 3-4, the longest 1-2 ft. long 

 with smooth margins. Spikelets g-l in. long, reddish-brown, somewhat 

 turgid along the median line, 16-24-flowered ; rhachilla slender, with 

 liyaiine wings, Glumes suberect, reaching ^ in. long, oblong-lanceolate, 

 apiculate, keeled ; tbe back reddish-brown, 3-5-nerved, the sides hyaUne. 

 Stamens 3 ; anthers narrow, rauticous, yellow ish-brown. Nut yV in. 

 long, broadly obovoid, tapering towards the base, umbonate, granulate, 

 trigonous, grey ; style reaching -J^ in. long ; stigmas 3, capillary, g-^ in. 

 long. Not distinguishable from C'l/pei'us rotundus by any good characters 

 and it might well be united with it. Fl. B. I. v. 6, p. (516 ; Boeck. in 

 Jjinnaja, v. 36 (1870) p. 285 (exclud. Cape plants and description of 

 nut); Trim. Fl. C^yl. v. 5, p. 33 ; Woodr. in Journ. Bomb. Nat. v. 13 

 (liJiil) p. 431; Prain, Beng. PI. p. 1141. Cyjienis tenuifforus, Eoxb. 

 Fl. Ind. v. 1 (1832) p. 190; Dalz. & Gibs. p. 284. C. 'rotundus var. 

 procerida, C. B. Clarke, in Journ. Linn. Soc. v. 21, p. 172. 



KoNKAN : Law\\ Matheran, Wooclrmv ; Thana. Woodrnw. Deccan: Poona, Woodrow. 

 — DiSTiiiB. India (0. Bengal, W. Peninsula); Ceylon, Mauritius, Australia. 



38. Cyperus exaltatus, Reiz. Ohs. fasc. 5 (1789) p. 11. A large 

 glabrous herb; stolons 0; root-fibres stout; stems 3-6 ft. long, obtusely 

 trigonous. Leaves few, longer or shorter than tbe stem, linear, ^-^ in. 

 broad, finely acuminate, 1-nerved, multistriate, with more or less 

 scaberidous margins. Umbel compound ; rays 5-10, sometimes reaching 

 (5 in. long, spreading, bearing spikt^s |-2 in. long of 20-4U rather distant 

 short spikelets ; bracts 3-6, h^af-like, tbe longest up to 2 ft. long. 

 S|)ik'!K-ts ^-^ by j^j^ in., ascending, narnnvly elliptic-lanceolate, chestiuit- 

 brown, much compre.ssed, 8-16-fiowered ; rhachilla with nariMW peristent 

 wings. Glumes jV in. long, closely imbricate, ovale-oblong. mucronate ; 

 back green, obscurely 3-nerved ; sides chestnut-brov\ n, not or scarcely 

 nerved, the margins not or somclimes very narrowly scariotis. Stamens 3; 

 aiiihers ^'>_ in. long, yellow, mut iccnis. Nut .,\^ in. long, ellipsoid, tajiering 



