894 cxLTi. cyperace;e. 



finely acuminate, coriaceous, with smooth or scaberiilous margins ; sheaths 

 long, open. Spikelets subgiobosely ovoid, ^-| in. long, dark-brown, in 

 large corymbiform decompound terminal open or contracted umbels 

 3-8 in. in diam., solitary on the top of rigid erect or spreading rays of 

 various lengths ; involucral bracts 3, leaf-like, the longest up to 3 ft. 

 long by :^-| in. broad at tlie base, flat, linear, acuminate ; bracts of the 

 secondary and tertiary umbels lanceolate, acute, scarious, j--^ in. long. 

 Glumes rather loosely imbricate, |-^ in. long, elliptic, obtuse, mucronate, 

 keeled, membranous ; hypogynous bristles 6, unequal, longer than the 

 nut, retrorsely scabrid (not plumose), brown. Stamens 3, reaching ^ in. 

 long; anthers linear, large. Nut ^ in. long, obovoid, trigonous, with 

 a minute conical tip (style-base), ashy-grey or yellowish, smooth ; style 

 jly in. long, with dilated base ; stigmas 3, as long as the style. El. B. I. 

 V. 6, p. 659; Boeck. in Linn«a, v. 36 (1870) p. 723 ; Trim. Fl. Ceyl. 

 V. 5, p. 77; A¥oodr. in Journ. Bomb. Nat. v. 13 (1901) p. 432; Prain, 

 Beng. PI. p. 1159.— Flowers : Sept. 



KoNKAN : Kalyan, Woodrow. Deccan : Poona, Cooke ! Sind : Pinwill ! — 

 DiSTRiB. More or less throughout India; Ceylon, Malaya, Tonkin, Philippines. 



7. Scirpus litoralis, Schrad. Fl. Germ. v. 1 (1806) p. 142, t. 5, 

 fig. 7. Eootstock stout, hard, with matted fibrillose root-tibres ; stem 

 2-31 ft. long, as thick as the thumb at the soft base, and as a crow-quill 

 near the top, terete below, trigonous above, spongy, striate, smooth. 

 Leaves 6-24 by YQ~i ^^•' ineuibranous, grass-like, finely acuminate ; 

 sheaths long, soft, open. Inflorescence near the top of the stem, which 

 is produced 1-6 in. beyond the umbel. Spikelets pale brown, \-h in. 

 long, oblong, obtuse, terete, pedicellate, in lax subcoryrabose or panicu- 

 late umbels with drooping rays 1-2 in. long. Glumes ^ in. long, 

 membranous, ovate-oblong, obtuse, notched at the top, mucronate in the 

 notch by the excurrent slender green keel ; hypogynous bristles 2-7, 

 longer than the nut, unequal, linear, plumose with moniliform hairs. 

 Stamens 2 or 3, reaching ^ in. long; filaments broad ; anthers slender, 

 tipped with a red appendage. Nut ^ in. long and broad, orbicularly 

 obovoid, plano-convex, smooth, with a long apiculatioii, dull-brown; 

 gtyle jJ^ in. long ; stigmas 2, as long as the style. Fl. B. I. v. 6, p. 659 ; 

 Trim. Fl. Ceyl. v. 5, p. 77; Woodr. in Journ. Bomb. Nat. v. 13 (1901) 

 p. 432; Prain, Beng. PI. p. 1159. Scirpus suhulatus, Dalz. & Gibs. Bo. 

 Fl. (1861) p. 288 (not of Vahl). 



Sind : Dalzell ! Gujarat : Aliniedabad, Burkldll ex Drummond ; Katbiawar. 

 Mehia ex Drummond; Eajkote, C'«o/t!— Distrib. India (Panjab, Central India> 

 W. Peninsula); Ceylon, Persia, Central Asia, Africa, Mediterranean regions. 



Mr. Drummond in a paper in tbe 'Journal oi' the Asintic Society Eengal ' (v. 73, 

 part 2 (1904) p. 137) shows that »S'. auhidatus, Vahl, which in tlie 'Flora of British 

 India* {I. c.) has been made synonymous with 8. ///ora//s should be considered distinct 

 from that species in consequence of its having a trifid style. 



8. Scirpus Kysoor, Roxh. Hort. Beng. (1814) p. 6; /?, J ml. v. 1 



(1832) p. 230. Kootstock stoloniferous, the stolons often producing 

 hard globose tubers ^-| in. in diam., densely clothed with matted 

 fibres ; stems straight, erect, 4-6 ft. high, triquetrous, with sharp often 

 retrorsely hispid angles. Leaves several to each stem and at)out as 

 long as the stem, -^-| in. wide, linear, acuminate, the margins and keel 

 somewhat hispid wlien young. L'mbel terminal, supra-decompound, very 



