cxLA^i. cvpehace.'e. 807 



|- in. loug by about J^ in. wide, linear-oblong or subfusiform, trigonous, 

 acute, shilling, greyish-black, with numerous erect white bristles reaching 

 I in. long at the base; style y^-jj in. long, reddish-brown; stigmas 3, 

 as long as the style, reddish-brown, much exserted. Yl. B. I. v. 6, 

 p. 664 ; Dalz. & Gibs. p. 289 ; Boeck. in Linntea, v. 37 (1871) p. 98 ; 

 Woodr. in Journ. Bomb. Nat. v. 13 (1901) p. 432 ; Prain, Beng. PI. 

 p. 1157 ; Watt, Diet. Econ. Prod. v. 3, p. 266.— Flowers : Oct. 



Deccan : W. Deccan, near Jiinnar, Dakell ^ Gibson ; near Junnar, Bhiva \ 

 Gujarat : Champanir, Woodrow. Sind : Pinwill ! — Distuiu. Throughout India ; 

 Tonkin. Cliina. 



The plant, is used to make ropes and mixed with hchamum angiisti folium is ofteti 

 exported to the plains from the Himalayas (see Watt, Diet. Eoon. Prod. 1, c.). 



9. FUIRENA, Eottb. 



Annual or perennial, glabrous or pubescent leafy herbs. Leaves 

 linear-lanceolate; sheaths entire, with an annular membrane at the 

 mouth. S pikelets many-flowered, in dense axillary pedunculate and 

 terminal clusters. Glumes imbricate all round the rhachilla, orbicular 

 or ovate-oblong, membranous, with a stout 3-nerved keel ending in a 

 cusp or stout scabrid awn ; hypogynous bristles 3, minute, or ; hypo- 

 gynous scales (j>etals) 3, enclosing the nut, linear, quadrate or obovate, 

 sti'ongly 3-nerved, glabrous or ciliate. Stamens 2-3. Ovary trigonous ; 

 style slender, finally deciduous ; stigmas 3. Fruit a trapezoidal tri- 

 gonous nut, narrowed or stipitate below, with a long or short cusp or 

 beak above, the angles acute, the sides smooth, pale. — Distkib. Species 

 25, scattered through all warm regions. 



Hypogynous scales (petak)0 1. F. Wallichiana. 



Hypogynous scales {'jjetals) present, quadrate or obovate. 

 Annuals; leaves hairy. 



Spikelets \-^ in. long; rhachilla slender; claw of petals 



as long as the blade 2. F. glomerata. 



Spikelets |-J in. long ; rhachilla obsolete ; claw of petals 



shorter than the blade 3. F. uncinata. 



Perennial ; rhachilla slender ; petals sessile or nearly so ... 4. i^» umbellata. 



1. Fuirena "Wallichiana, KuntJi, Eniim. v. 2 (1837) p. 182. 

 Rhizome creeping, short or long; stems many, 1-1 1 ft. high (rarely 

 higher), triquetrous, more or less pubescent towards th^ apex. Leaves 

 2-8 by ^1 in., linear-lanceolate, acute, with a strong midnerve atid 

 recurved margins ; sheaths long, trigonous, striate, with a short ligule. 

 Spikelets in corymbose terminal clusters ; bracts small. Spikelets 

 |-5 in. long, oblong, terete, many-flowered. Glumes § in. long (not 

 including the stout conical shghtly hairy mucro, which reaches -^ in. 

 long), broadly oblong, rounded at the apex below the mucro, green with 

 red streaks by transmitted light, pubescent and ciliate; hypogynou.s 

 bristles shorter than the nut, reddish-brown ; hypogynous scales {petals) 

 0. Anthers linear-oblong, not crested. Nut ^L in. long, turbinate, wifk 

 a conical pubescent apex, trigonous, longitudinally ribbed, trabeculate 

 between the ribs, pale yellow ; style -^-^ in. long ; stigmas 3, about as 

 long as the style. Fl. B. I. v. 6, p. 665 ; Woodr. in Journ. Bomb. Nat. 

 V. 13 (1901) p. 432. Fuirena cuspidata, Kunth, Euum. v. 2 (1 837) p. 187 ; 



VOL. II. 3 N 



