CXLVII. GKAMINE^. 927 



into a very short apiculation, 7-9-nerved with a very narrow palea ; 

 upper floral ghiiiie shorter than the lower, ovate-oblong, acute, coriaceous, 

 smooth, shining, with incurved margins ; palea oblong, acute, with 

 strongly involute margins. Fl. B. I. v. 7, p. Q6 ; Trim. F\. Ceyl. v. 5, 

 p. 168: Woodr. in Journ. Bomb. Nat. v. 13 (190]) p. 434; Prain, 

 Beng. PI. p. 1173. O^jlismenus Janceolatus, Kunth, Eevis. Gram. (1829) 

 p. 45 ; Dalz. & Gibs. p. 292. — Flowers : Nov.-Dec. 



Konkan: at the foot of the Ghats under the shade of trees, Dalzell S( Gibson; 

 Matlieran, Woodrow ; Thana, Lisboa. Deccan : Lanoli, Ldsboa. Kanara : Kadgal 

 (N. Kanara), Woodrow \ — Distrib. Throughout India ; Ceylon, most tropical regions 

 (except Australia). 



2. Oplismenus Burmanni, Beauv. Agrost. (1812) p. 54. A very 

 slender diffusely branched leafy grass ; stems 6-18 in. long ; nodes 

 glabrous or hairy. Leaves |-2 by ^-\ in., ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 

 acuminate, sparsely pilose with long slender white hairs ; sheaths 

 glabrous or hairy. Panicle 1-2| in. long ; peduncle slender (almost 

 hliform), usually very long ; branches of panicle spike-like, few, distant, 

 subsessile, ^| in. long ; rhachis slender, angular, clothed with long 

 slender white bail's nearly as long as the spikelets. Spikelets -^-^ in. 

 long (excluding the awns), secund, solitary or 2-nate ; pedicels short, 

 hairy. Glumes 4; lower iuvol. -glume -^-^ in. long (excluding the acute 

 scaberulous capillary awn which reaches ^ in. long), ovate, obtuse, 

 3-5-nerved, hyaline, silky-hairy and ciliate ; upper invol. -glume similar 

 and subequal to the lower, 5-nerved, with an awn reaching i in. long ; 

 lower floral glume reaching -jL in. long (excluding an awn of about 

 -^ in. long), broadly ovate, subobtuse, concave, hyaline, silky-hairy, and 

 ciliate, 7-9-uerved, empty, epaleate ; upper floral glume as long as the 

 lower, ovate, acute, membranous, with incurved margins ; palea as long 

 as the glume, membranous, ovate-oblong, acute, with strongly involute 

 margins. PI. B. I. v. 7, p. 68 ; Dalz. & Gibs. p. 291 ; Trim. Fl. Ceyl. 

 v. 5, p. 169 ; Woodr. in Journ. Bomb. Nat. v. 13 (1901) p. 434 ; Prain, 

 Beng. PI. p. 1173.— Flowers : Sept.-Oct. 



Found usually under the shade of trees throughout the Presidency, Balzell^ Gibson. 

 Konkan: Parol (Bombay), Woodrow. Deccan: Panchgani, Woodrow. Gujarat: 

 Domas (near Sural), Cookel — Distrib. Throughout India; Ceylon, Malay Islands, 

 China, Japan, Tropical Africa. 



10. PAPnCUM, Linn. 



Annual or perennial grasses of various habit. Leaves broad or narrow ; 

 ligules usually reduced to a ciliate rim or a fringe of hairs (rarely 

 a distinct membrane) or 0. Inflorescence various. Spikelets small, 

 1-2-flowered, terete or dorsally or laterally compressed, solitary or 

 2-nate, often secund, ovoid or oblong, articulate at the base and 

 deciduous, rarely awned. Glumes 4 ; invol. -glumes empty ; the lower 

 the smallest (sometimes minute) and fewest-nerved ; upper invol. -glume 

 usually equal or almost equal to the lower floral glume, sometimes 

 cuspidate, 5-13-nerved ; lower floral glume equalling the upper or 

 longer, more or less resembling the upper invol.-glume, usually neuter, 

 paleate or not ; upper floral glume coriaceous to crustaceous, sometimes 

 shortly stipitate, convex, 2-sexual, paleate, the palea usually as long as 

 and of the same texture as the glume. Lodicules 2, cuneate. Stamens 3. 

 Styles distinct ; stigmas laterally exserted near the top of the spikelet. 



