APPENDIX II 469 



(2) Note next the scrub. State if general, discontinuous, 

 or otherwise. 



(3) Then note the ground flora, and give (after having 

 completely examined such a tract) the percentage of 

 species. This applies also to a lake (see also above, 4). 



6. Heaths and Commons should be treated in the same 

 way as a complete formation, and after picking out the 

 principal plants give the percentage of others. 



7. In meadow-land try to estimate the main types of 

 grasses, in each case, and give percentage of species after- 

 wards, as before. 



8. Where rocks are exposed state if plants grow on rock, 

 and if it is unknown, break off samples and preserve with 

 the lists, for future determination. 



9. A marsh or bog is to be treated in the same way as a 

 complete whole, and percentages given. State if the plant 

 is partly submerged or not in either case. Pick out the 

 dominant widespread species first as before. 



10. Waste ground may be treated also as a complete 

 unit and a percentage note given, estimated roughly by 

 eye, as to the number of each species. If only 1-4 speci- 

 mens (or less) of an unknown plant presumably rare occur, 

 leave them and make a note of the characters indicating 

 the exact position. 



2. Physiological Work. 



The object of physiology is to determine the functions of 

 organs or their component tissues, etc. It thus deals with 

 such questions as germination, growth, photosynthesis, 

 respiration, transpiration, absorption, movement. In the 

 introductions to Vols. II and III some notes upon these 

 processes have been given. Here it is impossible to give 

 even an outline of experiments to demonstrate these 

 activities, nor a list of the apparatus required in such a 



