RED OR REDDISH PURPLE 97 



engraving, etc. Our species closely resembles 

 the European Holly, differing from it in having 

 less glossy leaves and duller fruit. Holly occurs 

 more or less frequently in New England and New 

 York. It is abundant from New Jersey along 

 the coast to the south, and in the Gulf States. 

 Holly is dependent upon sea air, and will not 

 grow much more than a hundred miles inland. 

 Ilex monticola, or Large-leaved Holly, grows 

 in the Catskills and along the Alleghanies to 

 Alabama. It is usually a shrub, rarely becoming 

 a tree. It bears a reddish drupe containing ribbed 

 nutlets. The leaves are thin, deciduous, ovate, 

 and sharply toothed. The fertile flowers grow 

 on very short stems and are solitary. The sterile 

 ones are clustered. 



BLACK ALDER. VIRGINIA WINTER 

 BERRY 



(For illustration, see Frontispiece.) 

 Ilex verticillata Holly Family 



Fruit. — The bright, scarlet, glossy drupes are 

 about a quarter of an inch in diameter. The 

 dark stigma is at the top and the persistent 

 calyx is at the base. The pulp is yellowish, and 



