174 NOMENCLATURE. BOTANICAL ANALYSIS. 



Cohort 6. Floridea) (Liliaccto, etc.). 

 Class IV. Glumiferae, or Glumaceae. 



Cohort 7. Graminoidca; (Sedges, grasses). 

 The snh kingdom Cryptogamia, or Flowerless Plants. 

 Province 3. Acrogence. 

 Class V. Angiosporae. 



Cohort 8. Sporogamia (Marsilleaccon, Lycopodiaceae). 

 Cohort 9. Thallogamia (Filices, etc.). 

 Cohort 10. Axogamia (Mosses and Hcpaticaj). 

 Province 4. Thallogcnce. 

 Class VI. Gymnospora3. 



Cohort 11. Aerophyta (Lichens). 

 Cohort 12. Hysterophyta (Fungi). 

 Cohort 13. Hydrophyta (Algas). 



CHAPTER IV. 



§ 1. NOMENCLATURE. BOTANICAL ANALYSIS. 



909. The names of the Orders aro Latin adjectives (femioino, plural, to agro© 

 with plante, plants, understood), usually derived from tho narno of tbo most promi- 

 nent, or leading genus, in each, by changing or prolonging tho termination into 

 acece, as Rosacece, tho rose tribe, Papavcracece, the poppy tribe, from Rosa and Pa- 

 pavor. Earlier names, however, derived from some leading character in the order, 

 and with various terminations, are still retained. Thus, Composite, with compound 

 flowers ; Labiate, with labiate flowers. 



910. Generic names are Latin substantives, arbitrarily formed, often from some 

 medicinal virtue, either supposed or real, or from somo obvious character of the 

 genus ; sometimes from the native country of tho plants, or from tho name of somo 

 distinguished botanist, or patron of botany, to whom the genus is thus said to bo 

 dedicated. Also tho ancient classic names, either Latin or Greek, aro often retained. 

 Examples of all theso modes of construction will be hereafter seen. 



911. Specific names aro Latin adjectives, singular number, and agreeing in gen- 

 der with the namo of tho genus to which they belong. They aro mostly founded 

 upon some distinctivo character of tho species; as Gerardia glauca, glaucous- 

 Btemmed Gerardia ; G. purpurea, purple-flowered Gerardia; G. (enuifolia, slender- 

 leaved Gerardia. Frequently the species is named after somo other genus, which, 

 in some respect, it resembles; as Gerardia quercifolia, oak-leaved Gerardia. G. 

 d-elphinifolia, larkspur-leaved Gerardia. 



912. Commemorative specific names. Species, like genera, aro also some- 

 times named in commemoration of distinguished persons. Tho rules given by Lind- 

 loy, for the construction of such names, are, 1st. If the person is the discoverer, tho 

 epecific namo is a substantive in tho genitive case, singular number ; as, Lobelia 

 Kalmii, Kalm's Lobelia ; Pinus Fraseri, Fraser's pine. 2d. If tho name is merely 

 conferred in honor of tho person to whom it is dedicated^ it ia an adjective ending 



