Order 6.— BERBERIDACE^E. 217 



2. COCCULUS, DC. (Diminutive, from Lat. cocewn, a berry.) 

 Fls. $ $ . Sepals, petals and stamens G ; anthers 4-celled ; $ ovaries 

 3 to G ; drupe globular-compressed, nut curved as in Menispermum. 

 — Fls. in axillary panicles. 



C. Carolinianus DC. — In woods along rivers, S. 111. to Ga. St. round, slender, 

 trailing. Lvs. pubescent, at length glabrous above, broadly ovate or cordate, 

 mucronate, entire or sinuate-lobed, sometimes hastately 3-lobed, 2' to ?>' diam., 

 petioles half as long. Fls. very small, grejnish. Pet. of the sterile fls. with 

 innVc*ed auricles at the base of each. Drupes red. 1 — 3 together, 2" wide, the 

 nut curved almost into a circle and finely crenated. Jn., Jl. 



3. CALYCOCARP'cfM, Nntt. Cup-seed. (Gr. ndXv^ a cup; 

 KctQTTog, fruit.) Sepals G ; petals ; $ stamens 12, anthers 2-celled ; 



$ stamens 6, abortive ; ovaries 3 ; stigma fimbriate-radiate ; drupe 

 oval with the putamen deeply excavated in front and cup-shaped. — Fls. 

 greenish white, in long axillary panicles. 



C. Lyoni Nutt. Ga. CMettauer) to Ky. A slender vine, very smooth, ascend- 

 ing many feet. Lvs. large, thin, 4 — 8' diam., the lobes dilated above and acumi- 

 nate. Petioles long, slender. Rac. slender, 3 — 12' long. Fls. small, 2" diam., 

 nearly white, about 5 on each ped. Drupo 1' long, oval, Jl. (Menispermum 

 Lyoni Ph.) 



Order VI. BEEBERIDACEJ5. Berberids. 



Herbs or shrubs with alternate, usually exstipulato, simple or compound leaves. 

 Flowers perfect, bypogynous, imbricated in aestivation. Galyx of 2 — G deciduous 

 sepals, in i or 2 rows, often with petaloid scales at base. Corolla of as many 

 or twice as many petals as sepals, in one to several rows. Stam. as many as the 

 petals and opposite to them, rarely more numerous. Anthers opening mostly by 

 recurved valves hinged at the top. Pistil one, sUjlz short or none. F,\ a berry or 

 capsule, seeds several, albuminous. (Figs. 168, 1S2, 253, 304, 346, 347, 444.) 



An order hard to define, including 12 genera and 101 species, some of them of widely different 

 habit and very doubtful affinities. They inhabit the temperate zones. Some genera, as Podo- 

 phyllum and Jeffersonia, possess catharic properties. Others, as Berbcris, contain in their fruits 

 malic and oxalic acids. 



TRIBES AND GENERA. 



Tkibe BERBERIDEyE — Shrubs. Embryo long as albumen. Anth. halved Bkf.beris. 1 



Teiise NANDIXE/E — Herbs. Embryo short or minute. (*) 



* Anthers opening by 2 valves hinged at the top. (a) 



a Stamens 6. Fruit 2 drupe-like, soon naked seeds CAtrLOPnYi.i.TTM. 2 



a Stamens 6. Fruit a 2 — I seeded berry Dipiiylleia. 3 



a Stamens 8. Fruit a capsule opening by a lid Jeffep.so.nia. 4 



* Anthers opening by 2 slits lengthwise. Stam. 6 — IS Podophyllum. 5 



1. BERBERIS, L. Berberry. (Name from the Arabic.) Calyx 

 of G obovate, spreading, colored sepals, with the 3 outer ones smaller ; 

 corolla of 6 suborbicular petals, with two glands at the base of each ; 

 filaments 6 V flattened ; anthers 2 separate lobes on opposite edges of 

 the connectile ; style ; berry oblong, 1-celled ; seeds 2 or 3. — Fine, 

 hardy shrubs. 



1 B. vulgaris L. Spines (reduced lvs.) 3-forked; lvs. simple, serratures termi- 

 nated by soft bristles ; rac. pendulous, many-flowered ; pet. entire. — A well- 

 known bushy, ornamental shrub, in hard gravelly soils. Northern States. Grows 

 3 — 8f high. Lvs. 1^ — 2' long, half as wide, round-obtuse at apex, tapering 



