230 Order 13.— CRUCIFER^ 



at apex. — 7|. One of tho most popular flowers of the genus, native of England, 

 etc. St. 2 f high. Fls. purple. — Several varieties aro enumerated, as the double 

 flowered, Brompton Stock, Brompton Queen. Jn.f 



4 M. fenestralis R. Br. Erect, simple; lvs. crowded, recurved, undulate, 

 downy; siliques downy, broadest at base. — % From S. Europe. Plant If high. 

 Fls. numerous, large, purple. Jl., Aug.f 



5. DENTARIA, L. Pepper-root. (Lat. dens, a tooth ; from the 

 tooth-like projections of the rhizome.) Sepals converging ; siliquo 

 lance-linear, with flat, veinless valves, often opening clastically ; placentae 

 not winged ; sds. in a single row, ovate, not bordered ; funiculus broad 

 (0 = ). — Rbizome 11. Lvs. palmately divided, those of the stem but 2 

 or 3, somewhat whorled. Fls. white or purplish, in a terminal 

 raceme. 



• Leaves of tho stem snb-opposite or sub-vcrticillate Nos. 1 — 3 



• Leaves of the stem alternate Nos. 4, 5 



1 D. diphylla L. St. 2-leaved; If Is. subovate ; rhizome continuous, toothed. — In 

 woods and wet meadows, Can. to Car., "W. to the Miss. St. about If high, 

 round, smooth, with 2, nearly opposite, ternate leaves above the middle. Lfts. 

 on very short stalks, tho lateral ones oblique, all with rounded, mucronate, un- 

 equal teeth. Fls. racemed, large, white ; tho petals much larger than tho calyx. 

 The rootstock is long and largo in proportion to tho plant, beset with teeth, with 

 a pungent, aromatic taste. May. 



2 D. laciniata Muhl. Cauline lvs. 3, 3-parted, the divisions lanceolate or linear- 

 oblong, obtuse, lobed, toothed or entire ; rhiz. monili/orm. — In woods, Can. and U. 

 S. The rootstock consists of several connected tubers of a pungent taste. Stem 

 If high, smooth, simple. Lvs. usually in a whorl about half way up, tho segra. 

 with very irregular, mucronate teeth, rarely subentire, lateral ones sometimes 

 cut nearly to the base, rendering tho leaf almost quinate. Root-lvs. generally 

 wanting. Fls. racemed, purplish. Apr., May. 



3 D. multifida Muhl. Cauline lvs. mostly 3, and verticillate, rarely 2, multifid 

 with numerous linear lobes ; rhiz. tuberous. — In woods, N. Car, to Ala., rare. St. 

 G — L0' high. Lvs. finely dissected in a bi- or triternate manner. Fls. white, 

 smaller than in tho above species. 



4 D. maxima Nutt. Stem about Z-leaved (2 to 7) ; Ifts. 3, ovate, toothed or cleft ; 

 rhiz. moniliform, the tubers toothed. — N. Y. and Penn., rare. Tuber3 of the 

 rootstock thick as tho finger, an inch or more in length. St. 1 — 2f high, bear- 

 ing a lengthened raceme, with pale purple flowers which are larger than in No. 1, 

 and several alternate, remote, ternate, petiolate lvs. Lfts. sharply and coarsely 

 cut-toothed or lobed. May. 



5 D. heterophylla Nutt. St. about 2-leaved (2 or 3), leaflets 3, lanceolate and nearly 

 entire; root-lvs. of 3, ovate-oblong, toothed and cut-lobed lfts. ; rhiz. moniliform, 

 scarcely toothed. — Penn., Va., Ky. A small and delicate species, some G' high. 

 Tubers of tho root few (1 — 3), oblong. Radical If. always present, long-petioled. 

 The alternate stem-lvs. small (1' long), also petiolate. Fls. few (6 — 9), pale- 

 purple. Jn. 



6. CARDAMINE, L. Bitter Cress. (Gr. napdta, heart, dajidoy, 

 to strengthen ; from its stomachic properties.) Calyx a little spreading, 

 6ilique linear with flat, veinless valves, narrower than the dissepiment, 

 and often opening clastically from the base ; stigma entire ; seeds not 

 margined, Avith a slender funiculus (0 = ). Fls. white or purple. 



♦Leaves pinnate, with many leaflets Nos. 1, 2 



• Leaves simple, or partly ternate. Roots mostly perennial, (a) 



a Style slender. In low, wet grounds Nos. 8, 4 



a Style none. In high mountains Nos. 5, 6 



1 C. hirsiita L. St. (hirsute in Europe) glabrous, erect; lvs. pinnately 5 — 11- 

 foliate, terminal 1ft. largest ; fls. (white) small, silique erect, linear or filiform ; stig. 



