254 Order 21.— CARYOPHYLLACE.E. 



f 4. PAIIONYCIIIE/E. — Sepals herbaceous, distinct or nearly so Paronychia. 18 



— Sepals white above, united in a tube below Syphon yciiia. 17 



Suborder III. SCLERANTHINE^E. 

 h Styles 2. Utricle inclosed in tho hardened calyx tube .. .ScriLEr.ANTiius. H 



Suborder IV. MOLLUGINEJE. 



k Styles 3. Stamens hypogynous, 3 or 5. Herb prostrate. .Mollugo. 19 



1. DIANTHUS, L. Pink. (Gr. bibg, avOog, the flower of Jove, 

 alluding to its preeminent beauty and fragrance.) Calyx cylindrical, 

 tubular, striate, with 2 or more pairs of opposite, imbricated scales or 

 bractlets at base; petals 5, with long claws, limb unequally notched; 

 stamens 10; styles 2, tapering, with long, recurved stigmas; caps, 

 cvlindric, 1-celled. — Beautiful Oriental plants, everywhere cultivated. 



§ Flowers in denso corymbs. — Scales as long as the calyx Nos. 1, 2 



— Scales ovate, awned, short No. 7 



§ Flowers solitary or panicled. — Petals toothed or crenate Nos. 3, 4 



— Petals fringed Nos. 5, C 



1 D. Armeria. Wild Pink. Lvs. linear-subulate, hairy ; fls. aggregate, fascicled ; 

 scales of the calyx lanceolate, subulate, as long as the downy tube. — (T) Our only 

 wild species of the pink, found in fields and pine woods, Mass. to N. J. St. 

 erect, 1 — 2f high, branching. Lvs. erect, 1 — 2' long, 1 — 3" wide at tho clasping 

 base, tapering to a subulate point. Fls. inodorous, in dense fascicles of 3 or 

 more. Cal. and its scales f long. Petals small, pink-colored, sprinkled with 

 white, crenate. Aug. § Eur. 



2 D. barbatus L. Sweet William or Buxcn Pink. Lvs. lanceolate; fls. 

 aggregate, fascicled ; scales of the calyx ovate-subulate, as long as the tube. — If. 

 An ornamental flower, still valued as in the times of old Gerarde, " for its beauty 

 to deck up tho bosoms of the beautiful, and garlands and crowns for pleasure." 

 Stems lif high, thick. Lvs. 3 to &' by £ to 1', narrowed to the clasping base. 

 Fls. in fastigiato cymes, red or whitish, often greatly variegated. May — Ji. f 



3 D. Chinensis L. China Pink. St. branched; lvs. linear-lanceolate; fls. 

 solitary ; scales, linear, leafy, spreading, as lony as the tube. — (f£ Native of China. 

 An elegant species, well characterized by its leafy, spreading scales, and its large, 

 toothed or crenate, red petals. Tho foliage, like that of the other species, is ever- 

 green, being as abundant and vivid in winter as in summer. 



4 D. caryophylhis L. Carnation, Bizarres, Pictotees, Flakes, &a Lvs. 

 linear-subulate, channeled, glaucous; fls. solitary; scales very short, ovate; petals 

 very broad, beardless, crenate. — Stem 2 — 3 f high, branched. Fls. white and crim- 

 son ; petals crenate. This species is supposed to be the parent of all the splendid 

 varieties of tho Carnation. Over 400 sorts are now enumerated by florists, distin- 

 guished mostly by some peculiarity in color, which is crimson, white, red, purple, 

 scarlet, yellow, and arranged in every possiblo order of stripes, dots, flakes and 

 angles. 



5 D. plumarius L. Pheasant's Eye. Glaucous; st. 2 — 3-flowered; fls. 

 solitary; calyx teeth obtuse; scales ovate, very acute; lvs. linear, rough at tho 

 edgo; petals many-cleft, hairy at the throat. — y Native of Europe. From this 

 species probably originated those beautiful pinks called Pheasant's-eye, of which 

 there are enumerated in Scotland no less than 300 varieties. Fls. whito and 

 purple. Jn. — Aug. f 



6 D. Guperbus L. Lvs. linear-subulato ; fls. fastigiatc; scales short, ovate, 

 mucronate ; petals pinnate. — % A singular, beautiful pink, nativo of Europe. 

 St. 2f high, branching, with many flowers. Petals white, gashed in a pinnato 

 manner beyond the middle, and hairy at tho mouth. Jl. — Sept. 



7 D. Carthusianorum L. The Monthly Pink, common in house cultiva- 

 tion, with bright green, channeled, linear leaves, short, cajspitous stems, pink-red, 

 double flowers, appears to be s. variety of this species. 



2. SAP0NARIA, L. Soapwoet. (Latin sapo, soap; the mucila- 



