Order 41.— SAPINDACE^E. 287 



ters of fruit, with pale-green wings. The smaller branches are straight and 

 smooth, easily separated from the bark in spriug, and are often manufactured by 

 the boys into certain wind instruments. Hence it is called whistle-wood. In Eu- 

 rope it is prized in ornamental gardening. May. (A. striatum Lam.) 

 6 A. spicatum Lam. Mountain Maple Bush. Lvs. acute, dentate, pubescent 

 beneath; rac. erect, compound. — A shrub of smaller stature than the last, found in 

 mountain or hilly woods throughout the country. The bark is a light gray. Lvs. 

 small, rough, divided into 3 or 5 lobe=, which are somewhat pointed, with large, 

 sharp teeth, and more or loss cordate at base. Fls. greenish, numerous and min- 

 ute, in cylindric, oblong, close clusters, becoming pendulous with the winged 

 fruit. Jn. 



7 A. Fseudo-Flatanus L. Sycamore. Lvs. cordate, glabrous and glaucous 

 beneath, segm. or lobes acute, unequally dentate; fls. in long, pendulous racemes; 

 samara glabrous. — Native of northern Europe. An ornamental tree, 40 to 50f 

 high, with very large, dark green leaves. A beautiful variety with striped leaves 

 is also cultivated. Apr., May. f 



8 A. macrophyllum Ph., with large, very deeply 5-lobed lvs., nodding ra- 

 cemes, and hispid fruit, from Oregon, is occasionally seen in shubberies and parks. 

 It becomes a large tree, also 



9 A. circinatum Ph., with cordate, 7 to 9-lobed lvs., and pedunculate co- 

 rymbs of flowers, from Oregon. A beautiful tree. 



2. NEGUNDO, Moench. Box Elder. Ash Maple. Flowers ? $ ; 

 corolla ; $ flowers racemed, $ fascicled ; calyx, stamens and fruit as 

 in the last genus. — Lvs. compound, pinnately 3 to 5-foliate. 

 N. aceroides Moench. Lvs. ternate and 5-pinnate; lfts. ovate, acuminate, re- 

 motely and unequally dentate ; 5 racemes long and pendulous ; barren fls. 

 corymbous; fr. oblong, with large wings dilated upwards. — A handsome tree, 20 

 to 30f high, with irregular, spreading branches, in low grounds, Can. to N. Car. 

 and Tenn. The trunk is a foot or more in diameter, and when young covered 

 with a smooth, yellowish green bark. Lfts. serrated above the middle, petiolate, 

 the terminal one largest, all slightly pubescent. Wings of the samara approxi- 

 mate, broadest towards the end. Apr. (Acer Negundo L.) 



Order XLL SAPINDACE^E. Indian Soapworts. 



Trees, shrubs, or rarely herbs, with simple or compound, alternate or opposite 

 leaves. Flowers mostly unsymmetrical and irregular, 4 or 5-merous, with the sepals 

 and petals both imbricated in the bud, with the stamens 5 to 10, inserted on a hy- 

 pogynous or perigyuous disk; Ovary 2 or 3-celled and lobed with 2 (rarely more) 

 ovules in each cell. Embryo mostly curved or convoluted, with little or no albu- 

 men. (Figures 209, 358.) 



Genera 73, species 415, scattered over all countries, and of various qualities and uses. The 

 Order is named from the saponaceous principle contained in the seed of Sapinda Saponaria and 

 other species, which makes a lather with water useful in washing. The fruits of the Paullinia 

 are poisonous, those of Nepheliuui delicious and wholesome. 



TRIBES AND GENERA. 

 HIPPOCASTANEjE. Lvs. opposite. Carpels 2-ovuled. Embryo curved. 



Petals unequal. Stamens 7. Leaves digitate JEschtlus. 1 



6APINDEJ2. Leaves alternate. • Carpels 1-ovuled. Embryo curved. . 



Trees. Fruit 1 to 3 fleshy, connate, globular carpels Sapindus. 2 



Herbs, climbing. Fruit an inflated, membranous capsule Cardiospermum. 3 



BTAPHYLEiE. Lvs. opposite, pinnate. Fruit an inflated capsule Stapiiylea. 4 



1. /ESCULUS, L. Horse Chestnut. Buckeye. Calyx 5-toothed ; 

 corolla irregular, 4 or 5-petaled ; stamens 1 (6 to 8), distinct, unequal, 

 inserted on a hypogynous disk ; style filiform, ovary 3-celled, with 2 

 ovules in each cell ; fruit coriaceous, 2 to 3-valved, containing but one 



