326 Order 47.— ROSACEA. 



S. Canadensis L. Glabrous ; lfts. oblong, cordate, obtuse, serrate ; spikes cylin- 

 dric, very long; stam. much longer than the cal. — 1{ In wet meadows, Brit. Am. 

 to Ga. along the mts., and cultivated in gardens. St. 2 to 3f high, smooth, striate, 

 sparingly branched. Stip. leafy, serrate. Lfts. 2 to 4' long, -J- to \ as wide, petio- 

 late, mostly stipellate. Spikes 3 to 6' long, terminating the long, naked branches. 

 Bracteoles 3. Calyx greenish-white, resembling a corolla. Aug. 



3. P0TE v RIUM, L. Burnet. (Literally [in Lat] a drinking vessel, 

 and hence a beverage.) Flowers 8 . Calyx tube contracted at the 

 moutb, 3-bracteolato, limb 4-parted, petals ; stamens 20 to 30 ; ovaries 

 2 ; stigma penicillatc ; achenia dry, included in the calyx. Herbs with 

 unequally pinnate lvs. Fls. spicate. 



P. Sanguisorba L. Herbaceous ; st. unarmed, angular, and with tho lvs., smooth ; 

 lfts. 7 to 11, ovate or roundish, deeply serrate; spikes or heads subglobous, tho 

 lower fls. staminate. — 2f Occasionally cultivated as a salad, but is now less valued 

 in medicine than formerly. It is said by Hooker to be native about Lake Huron. 



4. CHRYSOBALA v NUS, L. Cocoa Plum. (Gr. %P vah ^ gold, P dXa - 

 vog, acorn; in reference to the yellow fruit.) Calyx 5-eleft; petals 5; 

 stamens about 20, in a single series, ovary solitary, sessile, the style aris- 

 ing from the base ; ovules 2, collateral ; drupe 1 -seeded, with thin pulp. 

 • — Shrubs unarmed, with entire, veiny lvs., minute stipules, and terminal 

 panicles. 



C. oblongifolius Mx. Lvs. oblong, varying to oblanceolate, subsessile, pedicels 

 and calyx tomentous-hoary ; filaments and ovary glabrous ; petals sessile ; nucleus 

 of the fruit not grooved. — Pine barrens, Ga., Ala. and Fla. A shrub with a slen- 

 der, prostrate stem or woody rhizome, sending up short branches (8 to 12'), with 

 smooth, coriaceous, subentire lvs., very glossy above, and very strongly veined, 

 acute or obtuse. Fls. quite small, white. Fruit oblong, as large as a plum. 

 May, Jn. 



5. CER'ASUS, Juss. Cherry. (Primus L.) (Name from Cerasus, 

 a town in Pontus, whence originated the garden cherry.) Calyx 5- 

 cleft, regular, deciduous; petals much spreading; stamens 15 — 20; 

 ovary 2-ovuled; drupe globous, succulent, very smooth, destitute of a 

 glaucous bloom ; stone subglobous, smooth, with no border. — Trees or 

 shrubs. Lvs. conduplicate (folded) in vernation. 



§ Leaves evergreen. Racemes axillary, bractless No. 1 



§ Leaves deciduous. — Racemes leai'y at base Nos. 2, S 



— Umbels lateral, leafless, — Native Nos. 4, 5 



—Exotic Nos. 6, 1 



X C. Caroliniana Mx. Cherry Laurel. Lvs. oblong-oblanceolate, acuminate, 

 on short petioles, entire, . coriaceous ; fls. small, in numerous, dense racemes 

 shorter than the lvs. ; drupes persistent. — Along rivers, S. Car. to Fla. and La., 

 and much cultivated. A small, beautiful evergreen tree, 30 to 50f high. Lvs. 

 about 2£' by 1', glabrous, shining above. Drupes black, juiceless, 4" long. They 

 are considered poisonous as well as the leaves. In gardens this tree is trimmed 

 into the semblance of walls, domes, arbors, and all manner of fantastic forms. 



2 C. serotina DC. Black or "Wild Cherry. Lvs. firm, oval-obloug or ellip- 

 tic, acuminate, smooth, shining above, unequally glandular-serrate; petioles with 

 2 to 4 glands; rac. spreading, elongated. — A large forest tree throughout the U. 

 S. Trunk 50 to 80f high, of uniform size and undivided to the height of 20 to 

 30f, 2 to 4f diam. Bark black and rough. Lvs. 3 to 5' long, \ as wide. In May 

 and June it puts forth numerous cylindric clusters of white" fls. Fruit nearly 

 black when mature, bitterish, yet pleasant to the taste, and is greedily devoured 

 by birds. The wood, extensively used in cabinet work, is compact, fine-grained, 

 and receives a high polish. The bark is tonic, with a strong, bitter taste. 



3 C. Virginiana DC. Choke Cherry. Lvs. smooth, oval or obovate, shqrt- 

 pointed, thin, not shining, with sharp, subulate serratures, veins bearded on each 



