332 Order 47.— ROSACEA. 



and branchkts villows-tomentous ; sep. incised, loafy, as long as the pet. ; sty. 5 ; fr. 

 large, roundish-obovoid, with 5 bony, 1-seoded nuts. — Sandy woods, N. J. and 

 Southern States. A much branched shrub, 4 to 7f high. Lvs. 1 to 2' by J- to 

 §', tho upper surfaeo shining and nearly glabrous when old. Fr. greenish-yel- 

 low, near J' diam., oatablo when ripe. Apr., May. 



j3. pubescens. * Shrubs somewhat larger, with larger, roundish, loss downy 

 lvs. ; petals rather longer than the calyx. Spines very slender. — Ga. (C. 

 elliptica Ait.) 

 12. C. flava Ait. Summer LTaw. Glabrous; thorns straight or arcuato; lvs. 

 membranous, rhombic-obovate, attenuate into a glandular petiole, incised, glandular- 

 toothed and slightly lobed above; corymbs 1 (often 2 or '&)-flowered, glabrous; 

 lis. large; sly. 4 or o; fr. largo, pear-shaped, yellowish. — In diy, shady places, 

 Va. to Fla. Treo 15 to 25f high. Lvs. when mature, 2 to 3' long; Fr. 9" long, 

 not well-flavored. Bracts and sepals as well as tho petioles glandular. Apr., May. 



13 C. viridis L. Glabrous ; thorns few and short ; lvs. thin, roundish or oval 

 acute at each end, .sharply and doubly toothed above ; petioles glandless (always ?) ; 

 corymbs 3 to G-ftowered; lis. rather large, the bracts very glandular; sep. subu- 

 late ; sty. 2 or 3 (rarely 5 ?) ; fr. large, globular, red, tinged with yellow. — Iowa 

 (Cousens) to Fla. Shrubs 12 to 18f high. Lvs. 1 to 2' long, varying from ellip- 

 tie-ovato to deltoid-ovate (C. populifolia Ell.) or oven cordate, sometimes slightly 

 lobed, tho petioles slender, often as long as tho leaf. Fr. 4" diam., purplish, eata- 

 ble. Apr., May. (C. coccinea /3. Torr. & Gr.) 



14 C. berberifolia Torr. & Gr., with coriaceous, oblong-cuneiform lvs. and (in 

 Sept.) largo (6' diam.), deep blue pomes sent from Louisburg, La. by Dr. Hale, is 

 a doubtful member of this difficult genus. 



13. PY r RUS, L. Pear, Apple, etc. (Celtic peren ; Anglo-Saxon 

 pere ; Fr. poire ; Lat. pyrus ; Eng. pear.) Calyx urceolatc, limb 

 5-cleft ; petals 5, roundish ; styles 5 (2 or 3), often united at base ; 

 pome closed, 2 to 5 carpcled, fleshy or baccate ; carpels cartilaginous, 

 2-seeded. — Trees or shrubs. Lvs. simple or pinnate. Fls. white or 

 rose-colored, in cymous corymbs. 



§ PvEOT. Lvs. simple, ^landless; styles distinct ; porno pyriform No. 1 



§ Malus. Lvs. simple, glandless ; styles united below ; tV. globous Nos. 3— 4 



I Akonia. Lvs. simple, glandular on the mid vein; styles united, etc No. 5 



§ Sorbi-s. Lvs. pinnate ; styles 2 to 5, distinct Nos. 6, T 



1 P. communis L. Pear Tree. Lvs. ovate-lanceolate, obscurely crenate, 

 glabrous and polished above, acute or acuminate ; corymbs racemous ; cal. and 

 pedicels pubescent; sty. 5, distinct and villous at base. — Tree usually taller than 

 the apple, 20 to 35f high. Branches ascending. Lvs. 2 to 3i' long, § as wide; 

 petioles 1 to 2' long. Fls. white. Native in Europe, where in its wild state tho 

 fruit is small and unpalatable. The Roman3 cultivated 36 varieties (Pliny) but, 

 like the apple, varieties without end arc now raised from the seed of this delicious 

 fruit. % 



2 P. Mains L. Common Apple Tree. Lvs. ovate or oblong-ovate, serrate, 

 not lobed, downy, the veins all incurved; corymbs subumbellate ; pedicels and 

 calyx villous-tomentous ; peL with short claivs; sty. 5, united and villous at base; 

 pome globous. — Native in Europe, and almost naturalized here. Tree 20 to 25f 

 high (in thickets 50 to 60). Branches rigid, crooked, spreading. Lvs. 2 to 3' 

 long, § as wide, petioles £ to 1' long. Fls. expanding with tho lvs., fragrant, 

 large, clothing tho tree in their light roseate hue, making ample amends for its 

 roughness and deformity. — The Romans had 22 varieties (Pliny) but the number 

 is now greatly increased. Probably nearly 1000 varieties are cultivated in the 



u. s. % 



3 P. coronaria L. Sweet-scented Crab-tree. Lvs. ovate, rounded at 

 base, incisely serrate, often sublobate, straight-veined, pubescent when young, at 

 length smoothish, on slender petioles ; pel. clawed ; pedicels glabrous ; sep. subu- 

 late ; sty. united and woolly at the base ; fr. as well as fls. very fragrant, corymb- 

 ous. — Borders of woods, Mid., West, and South. States. A small tree 10 to 20f 

 high, with spreading branches. Lvs. 2 to 3' long, half as wide, petioles £ to I' 



