Order 70.— COMPOSITE. 413 



scales herbaceous, glabrous, oblong and obtuse. — Sand hills about Wilmington, N". 

 Car. Sts. numerous and much branched, 8 to 12' high. Scales leafy, green, 

 pappus rather plumous than barbellate. Sept. (L. belliditblia Mx.) 

 4 C. corynibdsus Torr. & Gr. St. single, stout, erect, hairy ; Ivs. nearly smooth, 

 oblanccolate, obtuse, tapering to the baso, the upper small, oblong, sessile ; hds. 

 about 20, 20-flowered, in a dense corymbous cymo ; scales smooth, oblong-oval, 

 very obtuse, with a broad, scarious margin. — Swamp margins, N". Car. to Fla. 

 St. about 3fhigb. Fls. palo purple. Sept., Oct. (L. corymbosa Nutt.) 



7. LIA TRIS, L. (Gr. Xi, an emphatic prefix, arpu>g, invulnerable ; 

 used as a vulnerary.) Heads few to many (o to 60)-iiowcred ; flowers 

 all $ , tubular ; involucre oblong, imbricate ; receptacle naked ; pappus 

 of co capillary bristles, mostly plumous ; achenia tapering to the slen- 

 der base, 10-striate; styles much exserted. — 2f Herbs with simple, erect 

 stems, alternate, entire lvs., and handsome rose-purple fls. in spicate, 

 racemed, or paniculate hds., blooming from Aug. to Nov. 



§ Heads in a corymb or thyrse-like panicle. Root fibrous Nos. 1, 2 



§ Heads in a spike or a simple raceme, lioot a roundish tuber (a). 



a Scales of the involucre colored and petaloid at their lengthened ends Xo. 9 



a Scales not petaloid, green or slightly tinged at the end (b). 



b Pappus evidently plumous. Corollas (13 to GO) hairy within Nos. 4, 5 



b Pappus evidently plumous. Corollas (0 to 5) smooth within Nos. 6, 7 



b Pappus only barbellate (smooth to the naked eye) (c). 



C Heads o to 7-flowered, — in one-sided spikes or racemes. Nos. 8, 9 



— in a regular spike, raceme (or panicle) Nos. 10, 11 



C Heads 20 to 40-fiowered, roundish, with rounded scales Xo. 12 



C Heads 7 to 15-flowered. — Scales all similar, obtuse Nos. 13, 14 



— Scales all, or the inner only acute Nos. 15, 18 



1 L. odoratissima "Willd. Vanilla-plant. Deer's-tongue. Glabrous; rt- 

 lvs. obovate-spatulate, obtuse, 5 to 7-veined, tapering to the base, caulino oblong, 

 clasping; hds. about 8-flowered, in many cymes, constituting a large, loose 

 corymb; scales all obtuse; fr. smoothish. — Pino barrens (Va. ?) to Fla. and La,, 

 abundant. Sts. 1 to of high. Corymbs leafless. Fls. bright purple. Sept., Oct. 

 — The fleshy leaves exhale a rich 1'ragrance (compared to Vanilla) even for years 

 after they are dry, and are therefore by tho southern planters largely mixed with 

 their cared tobacco, to impart its fragrance to that nauseous weed. 



2 L. paniculata Willd. St. simple, virgate, viscid-tomentous ; rt.-lvs. spatulate- 

 lanceolate, acute, tapering to a petiole, caulino small, apprcssed, lanceolate-acu- 

 minate ; hds. about 5-flowered, in an oblong, dense, thyrsoid panicle. — Damp pine 

 barrens, Ga., Fla. St. 2 to 3f high. Scales fow, all obtuse. Fls. pale purpla or 

 white. Sept., Oct. 



3 L. elegans Willd. Vfllous-canescent above ; lvs. glabrous, the radical oblan- 

 ceolate, 3 to 5-veined, cauline linear, the upper bract-like, spreading ; spiko or 

 raceme dense ; hds. oblong-cylindrical, 4 to 5-flowered ; scales lance-linear, pro- 

 longed into a colored, petaloid appendago longer than the flowers ; pappus evi- 

 dently plumous. — A remarkable species, in pino barrens, Va. to Fla. and Tex. 

 St. 3 or 4f high, ending in a spike G to 16' long. Tho purplo appendaged scalea 

 more showy than tho florets. Aug., Sept. 



4 L. sqtiarrcsa Willd. Blazing Star. Smooth or scabrous-pubescent; lvs. 

 linear, lower ones attenuated at base; rac. flexuous, leafy; hds. few, 20 to 40- 

 riowered, sessile or nearly so; invol. ovate-cylindric ; scales large, squarrous- 

 spreading, outer larger, leafy, inner mucronate-acuminate, scarcely colored; fls. 

 numerous ; pappus plumous. — A splendid plant, native N". Y. (Eaton) Penn. to 

 Fla. and W. States. Sts. 2 to 3f high, thickly beset with long, linear leaves. 

 Hds. 5 to 20, with large, brilliant purplo florets. Aug. \ It varies with the 

 heads only 12 to 15-flowered (Georgia, Fcay), smooth or hairy, &e. 



5 L. cylindracea Mx. St. low, slender, and very leafy, smooth and somewhat 

 hirsute, lvs. rigid, linear, mostly 1-veined; hds. few, sessile or pedicellate, cylin- 

 drical, 15 to 20-flowered; scales short, ciliale, close, rounded or obtuse, and abruptly 

 mucronate at apex ; pappus plumous. — Prairies and barrens, Mich, to Iowa (Oou- 

 sens) and Mo. St. 6 to 18' high. Lvs. 2 to 5' by 2 to 4 ". Heads 1' long, 



