Order 10.— COMPOSITE. 421 



§ 1. BIOTIA, DC. Corymbed Asters. 



1 A. corymbdsus Ait. St. corymbous-fastigiate, nearly smooth, branches pu- 

 bescent ; lvs. thin, ovate-acuminate, serrate, with sharp spreading teeth, the lower 

 cordate, petiolatc, the petioles wingless; invol oblong, G to 9-rayed, imbricate 

 with close-pressed, acute scales. — Common iu dry woods, N. and Mid. States. 

 St. 2fhigli, often reddish, more or less flexuous. Lvs. large, mostly smooth, the 

 upper becoming lauceolate, sessile. Hds. 4" long, in a broad, flat, open corymb, 

 with about 6 oblong, white or roseato rays. Aug. (Eurybia coryrnbosa Cass.) 



2 A. macrophyllas Willd. St. rough-pubescent, widely branched ; lvs. ovate, 

 petiolate, serrate v:ith short, depressed teeth, rough, the upper ovate-lanceolate, 

 sessile, lower cordate, petiolate, petioles somewhat winged; invoL cylindric, closely 

 imbricate with oblong, acute scales ; rays 8 to ] 5. — Woods N. States and Can. 

 St. lurrowed, 1 to 2f high. Lvs. often very large (G to 10' by 3 to G r ). Raya 

 white or pale blue. lids. G" long. Sept (Eurybia coryrnbosa Cass.) 



§ 2. CALLIASTHUM, Torr. & Gr. Violet-Flowered Asters. 



3 A. mirabilis Torr. & Gr. Scabrous, simplo below; lvs. ovate, serrate, the- 

 lowest petiolate, the others sessile, those of the branches roundish, small; iuvol. 

 hemispherical, shorter than the disk, scales imbricated, in 4 or 5 series succes- 

 sively shorter, with obtuse, green, recurved tips ; rays about 20. — Columbia, S. Car. 

 (Prof. Gibbs in N. Am. Flora IL, 1G5). "We have not met with this species. 



4 A. radula Ait Erect, simple below, angular; lvs. lanceolate, acuminate, nar- 

 rowed to the sessile base, sharply serrate, rugous and rough ; invol. imbricate, 

 squarrous with the slwrt spreading green tips of the scales. — Moist groves and 

 hedges, Me. to Penn. Height 1 to 3f, remarkable for its straight, smooth stem, 

 stiff, sharply serrate lvs. Branches nearly leafless, simple, each bearing a single- 

 large head, rarely more, with 20 pale violet rays spreading IV. Aug., Sept. 



5 A. spectabilis Ait. Erect, rough-puberulcnt above; lvs. roughisli, oblong- 

 laneeolate, sessile, entire, the lower obscurely serrate; branches corymbed ; iuvoL 

 hemispherical, with squarrous, spreading, ciliate scales. — A low, handsome Aster, 

 of pine barrens, Mass. to N. J. and Ky. St 1 to 2f high, branching abovo into a 

 nearly simple corymb of 10 — 15 large and showy heads, each with about 20 long 

 violet bluo rays. Sept. — Nov. 



6 A. surculdsus Mx. Sts. arising from a knotted creeping rhizome, low, slender, 

 simple or corymbous at top; lvs. linear-lanceolate, entire or subserrate, upper 

 linear, clasping; hds. 1 to 5 ; scales linear-oblong, ciliate, inner obtuse, outer with 

 green spreading tips; rays about 20. — Wet pine barrens, N. J. to N. Car. and 

 Tenn. Sts. smoothish, 12 to 18' high. Rt.-lvs. spatulatc, 4 to G' long. Hds. 

 large, obconic, with violet-purple rays. Sept. 



/§. gracilis Gray. Hds. smaller and more numerous (S to 12), with the invol- 

 ucre more close, and the rays about 1 2 (A. gracilis Nutt). 



7 A paludosus L. Slender, glabrous; lvs. long, linear, rigid, margins scarcely 

 rough, clasping at base; hds. 1 to G, hemispherical; scales green, lance-linear, 

 somewhat spreading; rays about 30, longer than the (G' ) involucre. — Swamps in 

 pine barrens, N. Car. to Fla. and La. Sts. 2 to 3f high. Hds. very large, with 

 violet-blue rays spreading 11 to 2'. Pappus tawny. Aug. — Oct 



§ 3. ASTER PROPER. True Asters. 



8 A. cordifdlius L. St. paniculate, smoothish ; lower lvs. cordate, hairy 

 beneath, sharply serrate, acuminate, petiolate; petioles winged; invol closely 

 imbricate, the scales with short, green tips. — Common in rocky woods, N. and W. 

 States. Stem with a handsome panicle of racemes at top of numerous, rather 

 •small flowers. Rays 10 — 15, pale blue varying to white. Lower leaves large. 



Petioles more or less winged, hairy. Above, the leaves are gradually reduced 

 to small or minute bracts. Sept. 



9 A. sagittifolius Willd. Arrow-leaved Aster. St. with racemous branches 

 above, smooth; lvs. oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, sessile, serrate in the middle, 

 radical ones ovate, oblong, cordate-sagittate, serrate, petiolate; invol. loosely 

 imbricate, scales linear-subulate. — Low woods, N. and W. States and Can. Stem 



