Ooder 70.— COMPOSITE. 444 



3 Z. pauciflorum, with bright yellow flowers is sometiaaos cultivated. 



49. HELIOP'SIS, Pers. Ox-eye, (Gr. fjXiog, the sun, dipig, appear- 

 ance; flowers radiant like the sun.) lids, radiate ; involucre imbricate, 

 with ovate, subequal scales; rays linear, large, $ ; disk $ ; receptacle 

 chaffy, conical, the pales lanceolate; achenia 4-sided; pappus 0. — U 

 Lvs. opposite, lids, large. Fls. yellow. (Helianthus, L.) 



H. ljevis Pers. St. smooth ; lvs. ovate-oblong, coarsely serrate, petiolate, 3- 

 vehied, smooth beneath, upper ones usually lanceolate, lower ones more or less 

 truncate at base. — A. large, symmetrical plant, in hedges and thickets, U. S. St. 

 angular, striate, di- or trichotomously branched above, 3 to 51' high. Lvs. 2 to 

 G' by 1 to 4', acute, distinctly 3-veined. Branches thickened at the summit, each 

 terminating with a large, solitary, yellow head. Rays lanceolate, broad at base 

 and obtuse at summit. Jn., Jl. 



/?. gracilis. Small and slender; lvs. scabrous, ovate-Ian ceola to, acuto at 



base. — 2f high. (H. gracilis, Xutt.) 

 y. scabra. St. and lvs. scabrous and yellowish-green ; lvs. somewhat deltoid, 

 distinctly truncate at base. — Gf high. Common in. Ind (II. scabra, Hook.) 



50. TETRAG0N0THE v CA, Dill. (Gr. rerpa, four; yovv, angle; Ofpcr,, 

 envelope.) Heads radiate ; involucre double, the outer of 4 leafy bracts 

 united at base, the inner of 8 small scales similar to the chaff of the 

 conical receptacle; achenia smooth, truncate, destitute of pappus. — % 

 Herb clothed with viscid hairs, opposite lvs., with yellow-flowered, 

 large hds. 



T. helianthoides L. Sandy soils, Va. to Fla. and Ala. a stout, coarse, un- 

 sightly herb, 2f high. Lvs. ovate, sessile, repand-toothed, 3 to 5' long. lids. 1 

 or k\v, on long peduncles, the rays spreading nearly 3'. Cor. strongly veined. 

 Apr. — Jn. 



51. ECHINACEA, Mconch. Purple Cone-flower. (<ir. t-x~vo^, 

 the hedgehog ; from the character of the pales.) Heads radiate ; invo- 

 lucre, scales in 2 rows ; ray flowers neutral ; disk flowers £ ; receptacle 

 conic, with rigid, mucronatc pales; achenia 4-angled ; pappus 0. — 2f. 

 Lvs. alternate. Kays purple, pendulous. (Rudbeckia, L., Nutt.) 



1 E. purpurea Mcench. Very rough; lovjer lvs. broad-ovate, 5-veined, attentate 

 at base, remotely toothed ; cauline lanceolate-ovate, acuminate, nearly entire ; rays 

 12 to 15, very long, defbxed, bind. — Thickets and barrens, W. and S. States. 

 Plant showy, 4f high, branched. Lvs. 4 to 8' long, rough with short, stiff bristles, 

 3-veined. Hds. large, solitary, on long ped. Disk thickly beset with the stiff, 

 pointed, brown chaff. Pays 2 to 3' long, pendulous, rarely varying to white, 

 f JL— Sept. 



2 E. angustifolia DC. St. hispid, subsimple, slender, naked abovo; lvs. entire, 

 bispidly pubescent, 3-veined, lower lanceolate, petiolate, upper lance-linear, sessile; 

 scales in about 2 rows, short; rays 12 to 15, slender, drooping. — Prairies and 

 marshes, 111., Mo. to Tex. Plant of a more slender habit than tho last, 2 W 3f 

 high. Hds. on long, naked ped. Rays 1 to 2' long, purple, varving to whits. 

 Disk brown. May — JL 



52. RUDBECKI'A, L. (To the celebrated Olaus Rudbeck, Professor 

 of Botany, at Upsal, Sweden.)- Heads radiate ; involucre scales nearly 

 equal, leafy, in a double row, G in each ; ray-flowers neutral ; disk per- 

 fect ; receptacle conic or columnar, with unarmed pales or chaff; 

 achenia 4-angled; pappus none, or a lacerate or toothed margin. — 21 

 Lvs. alternate. Hds. large. Rays yellow. 



§ Itays large, drooping. Disk columnar, at least in fruit N03. 3, 2 



§ Rays spreading. Disk dark purple, conical or rounded. (*) 



* Leaves deeply lobed <>t parted, the tipper undivided Nos. .3, 4 



• Loares und&vkled. — Pales of the disk whitish-downy Xos. 5, I 



—Pales dark purple at well as the flowers Nos. 7—9 



