448 Order 70.— COMPOSITE. 



6 H. rigfdua Desf. St. rigid, simple or with few branches, scabrous or smooth- 

 ish, nearly naked above ; lvs. lanceolate, tapering to each end, petiolate, mostly 

 opposite, tripli-veined, serrulate or entire, rigid, scabrous both sides; hds. few; 

 scales in many rows ovale, acute, regularly imbricate, shorter than the disk ; pales 

 obtusish. — Prairies, &c, Wis. (Lapliam), to Mo., La., &c. Plant 2 to 4f high. 

 Lvs. 3 to 6 by £ to 1', very rough with papillous hairs, but less so than II. divari- 

 eat is. Rays 12" to 20, expanding 2 to 3", light yellow. (II. scaberriinus Ell.) 



7 H. atrorubens L. St. with few long, naked peduncles above, hirsute below; 

 lvs. ovate, or oval, obtusish, abruptly contracted into winged petioles, subserrate, 

 rough or hispid. 3-veined; scales obovate or oblong, obtuse, 'S-veined, about equaling 

 the disk; pales obtusish. — Dry soils, "Va. to Fla. and Ark. St. 2 to 4f high. Lvs. 

 mostly near the base, large, lids, small, few, with 12 to 15 rays, to 10" long. 

 Aug.— Oct. 



C H. giganteus L. St. rough, hairy lvs., alternate (the lowest opposite), lanceo- 

 late, acuminate, serrate, scabrous, obscurely 3-veined, tapering at base into short, 

 ciliate. winged petioles; scales lanceolate- linear, ciliate; pappus of 2 short, slightly 

 fringed scales. — Can. to Car. and Ky., in low grounds and thickets. Stern 4 — 8f 

 high, purplish, branching above into a corymbous panicle of large, yellow flowers. 

 Leaves 2 — 5' by ■£ — 1', opposite or alternate in various degrees. Rays 12 — 20. 

 Variable. 



"ft. ambiguus. Lvs. nearly all opposite, sessile and rounded at base." — L. L 

 (T. & G.) 



9 H. tomentosiis Mx. St. stout, pubescent, branched above ; Irs. mostly alter- 

 nate, acuminate, nearly entire, scabrous above, tomeutous or nearly glabrous be- 

 neath, lower ones ovate, petiolate, upper long-lanceolate, subsessile ; hds. long-pedun- 

 culate ; scales lance-linear, lo.ng-acuminate, villous, squarrous ; chall" 3-toothed, 

 hirsute at summit. — Dry soils, 111. to Ga. Plant 4 to 8f high, with ample lvs. and 

 fls. Lvs. G to 12' by* 2 to G', some of them tripli- veined. Rays elliptical lanceo- 

 late, about 15" long. Aug. — Oct. f 



ft. Lvs. oval, mostly opposite. — Ga. (II. spatulatus Ell.; 



10 H. grosse-serratus Martens. St. smooth and glaucous ; lvs. mostly alternate. 

 lanceolate, or lance-ovate, long-acuminate, sharply serrate, scabrous above, hoary 

 and softly pubescent beneath, abruptly contracted into naked petioles; scales 

 lance-subulate, loosely imbricated, sparingly ciliate, as long 'as the disk. — Ohio, 

 Ind , 111., to La. Allied to II. giganteus. St. 4 to Gf high. Lvs. G to 9' by 1 to 

 2', broadest near the base, lower ones rather coarsely serrate. Rays 15 to 20, 

 expanding near 3'. Aug., Sept. 



11 I-I. tuberdstis L. Jerusalem Artichoke. Root bearing oblong tubers ; lvs. 

 3-veined, rough, lower ones opposite, cordate-ovate, upper ovate, acuminate, 

 alternate; petioles ciliate at base. — H Native of Brazil. The plant has been cul- 

 tivated for the sake of its tuberous roots, which arc used for pickles. It i3 natu- 

 ralized ia borders of fields, hedges, &c. Sept. §f 



12 H. laetifldrus Pers. St. rough and branched above; lvs. oval-lanceolate, acu- 

 minate, serrate, tripli-veined, veiy rough on both sides, on short petioles, upper 

 ones often alternate; scales ovate-lanceolate, ciliate, oppressed, a little nhoner than 

 the disk; chaff entire or 3-toothed; rays 12 to 20. — Darrens, &c, Ind., Ohio (Torr. 

 & Gr.) A rough, but showy plant, 3 to 4f high. Lvs. thick, 5 to S' by 1.} to 

 2y . Rays nearly 2' in length. Disk yellow. Aug. — Oct. \ 



13 H. occideutalis Riddell. St. slender, simple, nearly naked above; lvs. oppo- 

 site, oval, scabrous, obscurely serrate, contracted at base into long, hairy petioles, 

 upper ones small and few, entire; hds. pedunculate; scales lance-oval, appressed. 

 Sand prairies, W. States. St. 3 to 5f high, scape-like, slender. Lvs. 3 to 5' by 

 1 to 2', upper ones 1 to 2' long. Hds. few, middlo size. Rays 12 to 15, light 

 yellow. Jl. — Sept. f 



14 H. mollis Lam. St. villous ; lvs. ovale, acuminate, sessile, cordate and clasp- 

 ing, entire or subserrate, tomentous canescent, opposite, upper ones sometimes 

 alternate ; scales lanceolate, villous canescent ; pales entire, acute and canescent above. 

 Prairies and barreus, Ohio, Ind., Mo., common. A hoary and villous species, 2 to 

 4f high, nearly simple. Lvs. 3 to 5' long, J to J as wide. Rays 15 to 25, -J- to 

 1' by i'. JJ. — Sept. (H. canescens Mx.) 



