Order 70.— COMPOSITE. 455 



toothed or incised, upper subclasping ; scales very hairy, longer than the disk ; 

 disk corollas with subulate teeth ; receptacle fimbrillaie, with slender awns. — 'X' 

 La., Tex, and in gardens. St. branching. Hds. 1 to H' diara. Kays 10 to 12, 

 violet-purple, with yellow teeth. 



63. POLYP'TERIS, Nutt. (Gr. noXvg, many, -repov, a wing ; from 

 the feather-like pappus.) Heads discoid ; flowers all perfect, tubular 

 and similar ; scales tlat, scarious, in 2 or 3 series, apprcssed ; receptacle 

 naked; achenia 4-angled, slender at base; pappus of G to 12 mem- 

 branous, pinnately striate scales. — Lvs. scattered, lanceolate. Fls. 

 cyanic. (Falafoxia, T. & G.) 



P. integrifolia Nutt. Rough; st. eomnbous above; lvs. linear-lanceolate, 

 entire ; outer scales loose, acute, inner obtuse ; pappus of 8 to 10 acuminate 

 gquamas with fringed or plumed edges. — Barrens, S. W. Cla. and Mid. Fla. 

 Sts. 3 to 5f higli, bearing the large, purplish heads in a level-topped corymb. 

 Aug. — Oct 



64. HYMENOPAP'PUS, L'Her. (Gr. fyd/v, membrane, irdrnTvcg, pap- 

 pus; from the character.) Heads many-ilowcred ; flowers all perfect, 

 tubular; scales G to 12, in 2 series, oval, obtuse, membranaceous, 

 colored; receptacle small, naked ; anthers exserted ; achenia broad at 

 the summit, attenuate to the base ; pappus of many short, obtuse, 

 membranous scales in one series. — (2) or U North American, villous 

 herbs. St. grooved and angled. Lvs. alternate, pinnately divided. 



H. scabioseeus L'Her. Hoary- villus, or nearly glabrous; lvs. pinnately or bi 

 pinnately parted, segments linear or oblong, entire or sparingly toothed ; hds. 

 in simple corymbs ; scales obovate, 7 — 11, white, greenish at base, undulate on 

 the margin, longer than the disk; cor. deeply lobed; ach. pubescent. — 111. to 

 Fla. Stem 1 — 2f high, whitish with soft cotton when young, at length purplish 

 and glabrous. Segments 1 — li' by 1 — 2'', rather acute. lids, whitish, about 

 21-flowered. Apr., May. (South.] — Aug. 



65. HELE V NIUM, L. American Sneezewort. (Named for the 



celebrated Helen, who is said to have availed herself of its cosmetic 



properties.) Involucre double, the outer of leafy, narrow scales, the 



inner chaffy ; ray pistillate ; pappus of several 5-awned, chaffy leaves ; 



receptacle globous, naked in the disk, and chaffy in the ray only; ray 



flowers half 3-cleft ; seed villous. — Lvs. alternate, decurrent. Eays 



yellow. 



§ Disk globular, its florets with a ."-toothed coroila Nos. 1 — 3 



§ Disk oblong, its florets with a 4- toothed corolla No. 4 



1 H. atitumnale L. Lvs. lanceolate, serrate, smooth or slightly pubescent, de- 

 current ; fls. loosely corymbous. — If In damp places. St. 2 to 3f high, branching 

 .strongly, winged by the decurrent lvs. Lvs. tapering to each end, or elliptic- 

 lanceolate, more or less deeply serrate. Fls. large, numerous, terminal, with 

 drooping rays, each ending iu 3 obtuse teeth, and longer than tho large, globous 

 disk. The plant is very bitter. Aug. 



ft. canaliculatum. Rays concave, canaliculate or 3-furrowed. (H. canalicu- 

 latum Lam.) 



2 H. parviflorum Nutt. Lvs. lanceolate, subentire, smooth, scarcely decurrent ; 

 hds. solitary, or in small, scattered clusters. — Ga. (Nuttall.) Heads about half as 

 large as in No. 1. Disk globous, longer than the filiform scales. Eays flat. 

 Pappus scales awned, half as long as the corolla. Ach. smooth. 



3 H. tenuifolium Nutt. Smootkish; branches numerous, fastigiate, very leafy; 

 las. linear or filiform, entire, fascicled; scales subulate; disk globous. — Fields, 

 waysides, Ga. (Feay, Pond) to La. St 1 to 2f high, naked and woody below, 



