Order 70.— COMPOSITE. 469 



Suborder II. LIGULIFLOR^E. 



98. LAMPSA'NA, Tourn. Nipple-wort. (Gr. XaT-o), to purge; 

 '* Lapsana greatly relaxes the body," says Pliny.) Heads radiant, 8 to 

 12-flowercd ; involucre cylindrical, angular, scales 8, erect, in one row, 

 with 2 or 3 minute bractlets at base ; receptacle naked ; achenia gla- 

 brous ; pappus 0. — Slender, oriental herbs, with small, yellow hds. in 

 paniculate corymbs. 



L. communis L. St. branched, panicled, leafy; lvs. ovate, petiolate, dentate; 

 ped. cylindrical ; in vol. angular in fruit. — CD Waysides, Can. East (Hook). Near 

 Boston (Oakes). § 



99. APO'GON, Ell. (Gr. a, privative, myywv, beard ; as destitute 

 of pappus.) Heads radiant; involucre scales ovate, acuminate, about 8, 

 in 2 rows ; receptacle naked; achenia glabrous, oval, longitudinally 12- 

 striate ; pappus 0. — CD Herbs glabrous and glaucous, branched from the 

 base. Lvs. alternate, lanceolate. Hds. small, yellow. 



A. humiiis Ell. S. Car. to Fla. and La. A small, slender, smooth plant, com- 

 mon in sandy soils. Sts. 3 to 12' high, trichotomously branched above. Lvs. 

 varying from lance-linear to linear, and from cntiro to lyrate-lobed, the radical 

 tapering to a petiole. Hds. fow, small, the lis. spreading about 3 '. Mar. — Jn. 

 (A. lyratum Nutt. A. gracilis DC.) 



100. CICHORIUM, Tourn. Succory. (The Egyptian name chi- 

 kouryeh, whence Gr. Kt^wp?/, and Eng. succory.) Involucre double, the 

 outer of 5 leafy scales, the inner of about 8 linear ones ; receptacle 

 chaffy ; pappus scaly ; achenia not rostrate, obscurely 5-sided. — Orien- 

 tal herbs with bright blue Us., about 20 in a head. 



1 C. intybns L. Fls. in pairs, axillary, sessile ; lower lvs. nmeinatc. — 21 Plant 

 2 — 3f high, with large, showy, sky-bluo ilowers, in grass fields, by roadsides, com- 

 mon in many localities. Stem round, with few long branches, rough. Tho upper 

 leaves becomo cordate acuminate, sessile, inconspicuous, only tho radical ones 

 rnncinate. The flowers are 1 — 2' diam., and placed rather remote on the long, 

 nakedish branches. Corollas flat, 5-toothod. Tho root is used in France as a 

 substitute for coffee. July — Sept. § Eur. 



2 C. Endivia L. Endive. Ped. axillary, in pairs, one of them elongated 

 and 1-headed, tho other very short, about 4-headed; lids, capitate. — A hardy an- 

 nual, esteemed and cultivated for salad. Also a remedy for jaundice, y E.Indies. 



101. KRIG'IA, Schreb. Dwarf Dandelion. (To Dr. Daniel Krieg, 



a German botanist who traveled in this country.) Involucre many- 

 leaved, nearly simple, equal ; receptacle naked ; achenia turbinate, stri- 

 ate, 5-angled ; pappus double, consisting of 5 broad, membranous scales 

 alternating with as many slender, scabrous bristles. — CD Acaulesccnt 

 herbs. Hds. solitary, with 20 to 30 yellow lis. 



1 K. Virginica Willd. Lvs. sinuate-pinuatifid, with unequal, spreading, linear- 

 spatulate lobes, tho primary lvs. mostly entire, spatulate or roundish ; scapes at first 



. low, simple, 1 -flowered, finally branched and several- flowered. — Dry, sandy or rocky 

 grounds and way-sides, Can., N. Eng. to W. Ga. and Ala. Scapes 3 to 20' high, 

 very smooth. Lvs. 6 to 3' long, usually pointed. Fls. spreading 15". May — 

 Aug. 



2 K. Caroliniana Nutt. Lvs. lyrate-pinnatifid, with irregular, oval or angular 

 segments, the terminal one roundish and largest, primary lvs. linear-lanceolate, few- 

 toothed or entire, scapes always simple, solitary at first, finally several 1 -flowered. 

 — Pry, sandy soils, S. Car. to Fla. and Tex. Scapes 1 to 4' high. Lvs. 1 to 2' 

 long, rosulate. Fls. spreading -t to 6". Feb. — May. 



